About this trial
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of adding chitosan phonophoresis as an adjunct to a rehabilitation-based exercise program compared to a rehabilitation-based exercise program with sham chitosan phonophoresis in athletes with recurrent hamstring strain injuries on the following outcomes: Hamstring-specific pain and function, Muscle strength and endurance, Lower extremity functions, Hamstring Flexibility symmetry and Hamstring injury healing score.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Male recreational football players who participate in non-professional football training or matches for at least two sessions per week (each session ≥ 45 minutes) for at least the previous 12 months
Aged 18-35 years
Clinically diagnosed with a new episode of acute unilateral recurrent hamstring strain. Recurrent injury is defined as a new acute hamstring injury in the same limb and muscle group (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, or semimembranosus) as at least one previous hamstring strain that was professionally diagnosed, treated with rehabilitation, and after which the athlete returned to full participation. The previous injury must have occurred within the last 24 months
Current injury onset within 3-10 days of enrollment.
Disqualifiers
History of hamstring tendon avulsion (complete or partial) or surgical repair in either limb.
Hamstring strain injury in the contralateral limb within the previous 12 months.
Concomitant lower extremity or lumbopelvic pathology that prevents safe completion of testing at maximal effort, including but not limited to knee ligament injury, meniscal injury, hip labral pathology, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, or lumbar disc herniation with radiculopathy.
Neurological disorder affecting lower extremity motor or sensory function such as peripheral neuropathy, lumbar radiculopathy, or multiple sclerosis.
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- CHITOSAN PHONOPHORESIS
- SHAM PHONOPHORESIS