Coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are considered to increase the risk of adverse clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether long-term clinical outcomes could be improved by successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) over optimal medical therapy (OMT) in CTO patients.
patients with at least one coronary CTO lesion at our hospital in between January 2011 and December 2017
(1) patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
(2)a history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
(3) cardiogenic shock
(4) malignant tumor. Patients were referred for PCI based on CTO-related symptoms or evidence of viability, or corresponding ischemia in the area of the CTO artery.