This study was a clinical trial to investigate the effects of Short Foot Exercise (SFE) and standard physical therapy on knee muscle tone, knee pain and function, balance ability, and quality of life in adults with flexible flat feet and knee pain.
BMI (Body Mass Index): If between 18 and 25 kg/m²
Litigation period: If knee pain lasted for more than 6 weeks
Navicular drop test: If it was 10 mm or more
Numerical assessment scale: If knee pain was 4 or more
History of knee surgery: If you have had knee surgery
Treatment history: If you have received physical therapy for knee pain in the 4 weeks before the start of the study
Mental status: If you have a psychological disorder that may interfere with your participation in the study
Injury status: If you have a current serious injury affecting the lower extremity joints and foot