The goal of this observational study is to learn whether global longitudinal strain (GLS), measured by echocardiography, can predict difficulty separating from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in adults undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Can preoperative GLS measurement predict difficult separation from CPB? * Are GLS values associated with outcomes such as intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital stay, cardiac biomarkers, or 30-day mortality?
Participants will:
* Undergo standard cardiac surgery requiring CPB * Have echocardiographic assessments (TTE before and after surgery) * Have their recovery and outcomes monitored, including ICU and hospital stay, postoperative labs, and survival within 30 days
Age > 18 years.
Scheduled for elective cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Provided written informed consent to participate.
Isolated mitral valve replacement or repair.
Emergency cardiac surgery.
Redo cardiac surgery.
Contraindications to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
Ongoing inotropic drug therapy.
Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital
Lead sponsor
University of Rome Tor Vergata
Collaborator
San Raffaele University Hospital, Italy
Collaborator