Impact of Date Consumption on Metabolic Control and Oxidative Stress in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Summary

Dates, rich in simple sugars, fiber, and antioxidant polyphenols, have a variable glycemic index and conflicting reported effects on type 2 diabetes. Moderate consumption might raise glycemia if added to the usual diet, but could improve insulin sensitivity and oxidative balance if used as an isocaloric substitute.

This prospective, interventional, single-center study (Endocrinology Department., La Rabta Hospital, Tunis) aims to evaluate the effect of daily consumption of 3 Deglet Nour dates for 8 weeks on glycemic control and oxidative stress in 130 well-controlled type 2 diabetic patients.

Primary objectives:

Assess changes in HbA1c, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR. Measure variations in oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, TAC, pentosidine).

Secondary objectives:

Monitor changes in weight, BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Assess tolerance, adherence, satisfaction, and adverse events.

Study design:

Baseline and final visits (week 0 and week 8) with clinical, dietary, and laboratory assessments.

Isocaloric substitution: 3 dates replace a carbohydrate portion (e.g., fruit or dessert).

No change in antidiabetic therapy or lifestyle allowed.

Endpoints:

Primary: ΔHbA1c, Δfasting glucose, ΔHOMA-IR, and oxidative markers. Secondary: Anthropometrics, blood pressure, safety, adherence, lipid and metabolic parameters.

Expected outcome: determine whether moderate, isocaloric date consumption is safe and potentially beneficial for metabolic control and oxidative balance in Tunisian patients with type 2 diabetes.