The purpose of this project is to introduce and implement music therapy as an evidence-based pain management protocol focused on reducing postoperative pain levels among Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) patients in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) of the project site. The clinical question guiding this initiative is: In adult patients undergoing a VATS procedure, does the implementation of music therapy lead to lower postoperative pain scores in the PACU compared to no intervention within an 8-week timeframe? The investigator will ask eligible patients their immediate pain scores upon arrival into the PACU and then start music of patient's choice via over-the-ear headphones. Pain scores will be rechecked 30 minutes after implementation of music therapy. The standard of care pain medications and/or usual care will not be withheld or altered after surgery in lieu of music therapy.
Adults aged 18 years and older with lung mass diagnosis undergoing VATS
Individuals with dementia, neurocognitive disorders, or chronic pain conditions.