About this trial
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of capacitive resistive electric transference (CRET), which is frequently used in clinics and sports clubs for professional soccer players with hamstring injuries. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Return to sports time Treatments sessions number Muscle oxygen saturation
The investigators will administer the treatment to a experimental group to see if CRET therapy is effective. The investigators will also administer a standard rehabilitation program to both the control and experimental groups.
Participants will:
Come for treatment and evaluations 3 times a week until participants meet the criteria for returning to sports.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
History of acute onset hamstring pain.
Grade I or II hamstring strain injury confirmed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) within the first 5 days following the injury.
No history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
Disqualifiers
Presence of neurological symptoms.
Loss of superficial sensation or skin pathologies that may prevent CRET application.
Refusal to sign the approval form.
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
T-Plus; Wintecare SA, Chiasso, Switzerland
DeviceExperimental Group (Capacitive and Resistive Electrical Transfer Therapy (CRET) Therapy): In addition to the standard rehabilitation program, CRET therapy (T-Plus; Wintecare SA, Chiasso, Switzerland) will be applied at the end of each session to the experimental group. Positioning: The athlete will be placed in a prone position, with the passive electrode placed under the quadriceps muscle and the active electrode applied in the direction of the hamstring muscle fibers using classic massage maneuvers. Dosage and Duration: The treatment will last a total of 20 minutes, consisting of 10 minutes in resistive mode followed by 10 minutes in capacitive mode. Intensity: The application will start at 70% intensity. If the thermal sensation reaches a level that disturbs the athlete, the intensity will be gradually reduced by 10% to achieve the maximum tolerable thermal effect.
Exercise
Other interventionA standard hamstring rehabilitation program consisting of three phases will be implemented.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Return to Sport Time
The primary outcome measure is the number of days from the time of injury to the time when criteria for full return to sports are met.
Secondary outcomes
Hamstring Flexibility
Passive straight leg raise, passive knee extension at 90° hip flexion, and active knee extension at full hip flexion angles will be measured using a smartphone-based goniometer (Goniometer Plus) with proven validity and reliability.
Hamstring strength
Hamstring muscle strength will be assessed using a hand dynamometer (MicroFet 2, Hoggan Health, USA). Measurements will be taken in the prone position with the knee flexed at 90°, in the form of isometric strength and mid-range eccentric strength tests, and the maximum value of 3 repetitions will be recorded.
Muscle Oxygen Saturation
Muscle oxygenation in the injured area will be monitored using a non-invasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device (Moxy Monitor, Fortiori Design LLC). The device will be secured to the injured area with adhesive tape, and the average total hemoglobin and capillary oxygen saturation (SmO2) values obtained during the 10-second measurement period will be recorded. The Moxy device has previously been shown to be valid and reliable for measuring muscle oxygenation.
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