This study intends to conduct a prospective randomized controlled trial to implement esketamine-assisted anesthesia in patients undergoing open thyroidectomy, in order to observe the effect of esketamine on coughing during extubation in thyroidectomy patients.
Patients scheduled for elective open thyroid surgery
ASA class I-II
Voluntarily participate in the study and sign the informed consent form
Body Mass Index > 30 kg/m²
Patients with unstable ischemic cardiomyopathy, pulmonary hypertension, poorly controlled or untreated hypertension (arterial hypertension, resting systolic/diastolic blood pressure >180/100 mmHg)
Hepatic or renal dysfunction
History of oral, maxillofacial, neck, or airway surgery, or pathological structural alterations