The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a milk permeate-based sports drink on hydration, carbohydrate oxidation, exercise performance, vigilance, and reaction time in the heat. We anticipate that the milk permeate, with 44 g per liter and high sodium and potassium, will lead to better hydration, energy delivery, and physical and cognitive performance.
Healthy and injury free (muscle, skeletal) for greater than 2 months
Active cyclists who train at least 3 times per week
Body mass index (BMI) range of 18.5-30 kg/m2
VO₂max ≥ 51 mL/kg/min for male participants
Taking medicine influences the cardiovascular system
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during the last week
Cancer Diagnosis during the last 5 years
Current Pregnancy