This observational study aims to evaluate the cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score Short Form (NBSS-SF) in adults with spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis who have neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. Neurogenic bladder symptoms, such as urinary incontinence, urgency, and difficulties with urine storage or emptying, may negatively affect daily functioning and quality of life. In this study, the validity and reliability of the Turkish NBSS-SF will be examined, and convergent validity will be assessed through its relationship with the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) and the Short Form-12 (SF-12). In eligible participants, the scale will be administered again after 7 to 14 days. The aim of the study is to provide a valid and reliable Turkish patient-reported outcome measure for use in clinical practice and research.
Being ≥18 years old
Having a diagnosis of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) or Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction
Being able to read and understand Turkish and have the cognitive ability to independently complete questionnaires
Can be included with any bladder management method (spontaneous voiding, CIC, permanent catheter, condom catheter, reconstruction/diversion etc.)
Having an active urinary tract infection (UTI)
Having undergone urological surgery in the last month
Reporting changes in bladder/urinary function between the first and second applications (surgery, UTI, change in bladder medication)
Having a significant recent change in general health status
The study will be conducted on patients aged ≥18 years with neurogenic LUTS diagnosed with MS or SCI.
Case-only
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score Short Form (NBSS-SF) total score
The Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score Short Form (NBSS-SF) is a 10-item patient-reported outcome measure. It will be evaluated in adults with spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis who have neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. The NBSS-SF total symptom score ranges from 0 to 28, with lower scores indicating better symptom status and higher scores indicating worse symptom burden. Domain scores for incontinence, storage and voiding, and consequences will also be assessed. Psychometric evaluation will include internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity.
King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) domain scores
The King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) will be used to assess convergent validity of the Turkish version of the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score Short Form (NBSS-SF). KHQ domain scores will be analyzed, with higher scores indicating worse health-related quality of life and greater symptom impact.
12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) mental and physical health subscale scores
The 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) will be used to assess convergent validity of the Turkish version of the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score Short Form (NBSS-SF). Mental and physical health subscale scores will be analyzed separately, with higher scores indicating better health-related quality of life.
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Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University
Lead sponsor
Ufuk University
Collaborator
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