Cytotoxicity

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the primary stabilizer of the knee joint, and ACL injuries are highly prevalent, particularly among physically active and athletic individuals. Although ACL reconstruction is a well-established orthopedic procedure, significant challenges remain regarding biological integration between the graft and bone, which may negatively affect clinical outcomes. In recent years, advanced biomaterials and regenerative medicine approaches have gained increasing attention as potential strategies to enhance osteointegration and promote more physiological tissue healing. Before clinical application, these materials must undergo rigorous in vitro biological evaluation in accordance with international standards, particularly ISO 10993-5 for cytotoxicity assessment. The study will investigate cytotoxicity, cell viability, inflammatory responses, pro-fibrotic effects, and osteogenic potential using relevant human cell models. The regenerative effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a source of growth factors, will also be evaluated. The biomaterials under investigation include a titanium alloy and polylactic acid (PLA), both widely used in orthopedic applications. The main objective is to demonstrate their biocompatibility, absence of cytotoxic, inflammatory, and pro-fibrotic effects, and their ability to support osteogenic processes and tissue integration. The findings will provide essential evidence for subsequent preclinical in vivo studies and future clinical translation.

This prospective in vitro study aims to evaluate the effects of two chlorhexidine-based mouthwash formulations on the survival and function of human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). Gingival fibroblasts obtained from discarded gingival tissue collected during routine dental procedures will be cultured and exposed to different concentrations of a conventional 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash and a 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash supplemented with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and gene expression will be assessed at multiple time points using Trypan Blue exclusion assay, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), scratch assay, and quantitative real-time PCR. The study is designed to investigate the concentration-dependent effects of chlorhexidine on fibroblast viability and wound-healing-related functions and to determine whether the addition of NAC and HA may improve the biological compatibility of chlorhexidine-based formulations.

This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity of INOX (Nanoksa G Plus) high-performance polymer discs on cell cultures using standardized in-vitro assays. The primary objective is to assess cell viability after exposure to INOX extracts. Secondary objectives include examining cell membrane integrity, cellular morphology, comparing effects across extract concentrations, and determining whether INOX meets accepted non-cytotoxicity standards.

This is a pilot single-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial to establish experimental feasibility. We plan on enrolling a pilot cohort of 40 patients, with up to 5 patients in treatment phase 0 and the remaining in treatment phase I. During Phase I, the remaining participants will be assigned to either treatment or control group using dynamic block randomization balancing on sex, age group, and disease histology.

Moringa oleifera (MO) is an extraordinary nutritious vegetable tree with high medicinal value for its antibacterial properties. Formulation of various natural dental remedies from this plant and their testing for their effectiveness might yield promising antibacterial, antiplaque and anticariogenic agents with minimal side effects. Aim of the study: Part I: The aim of this in-vitro part of the study is to formulate a nontoxic mouthwash from MO leaves extract, having antimicrobial activity, to be used in part II of the study. Furthermore, stability and efficacy of the developed mouth wash will be evaluated. Part II: The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the antibacterial, antiplaque and anticariogenic effect of MO mouthwash compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash.

The aim is to evaluate clear aligners' cytotoxicity, leaching, and structural properties and compare them with four cleaning tools. The null hypothesis is the cleansers have no impact on the properties tested.