Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2)

This study aims to examine the relationships between socio-ecological determinants, health literacy, and self-management agency among patients with diabetes mellitus. Using a path analysis framework, the study investigates how multi-level socio-ecological factors and different dimensions of health literacy influence patients' capacity for diabetes self-management. Understanding these pathways will support the development of comprehensive, context-sensitive interventions to improve diabetes outcomes.