Morbid Obesity

Prospective observational cohort study evaluating the early proctologic effects of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy in morbidly obese patients. Participants will undergo baseline and 3-month anorectal symptom assessment and proctologic examination to evaluate newly developed proctologic diseases and changes in pre-existing symptoms.

The goal of this observational study is to learn about how weight loss surgery (also called bariatric surgery) affects sexual function and sex hormone levels in women with severe obesity. It will also look at how the surgery affects mood, quality of life, body image, and the partner's sexual health. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does sexual function improve after weight loss surgery? * Do sex hormone levels change after weight loss surgery? * Are these changes linked to improvements in mood and quality of life? * Does the partner also experience changes in sexual function? Researchers will compare each participant's results before surgery to their results 6 months after surgery. This helps show how things change over time. This study will include about 40 women who: * Are between 18 and 45 years old * Have severe obesity and are scheduled for weight loss surgery at Cairo University Hospital * Have a stable, sexually active partner relationship What participants will do: * Complete questionnaires about sexual function, mood, quality of life, and body image (twice: before surgery and 6 months after) * Provide a blood sample to measure sex hormone levels (before surgery and 6 months after) * Their partners will complete a short questionnaire about their own sexual function This research is important because sexual health is a key part of quality of life that is often overlooked in obesity care. Understanding how weight loss surgery affects sexual function, hormones, and mood can help doctors better counsel patients about what to expect after surgery. This is one of the first studies in Egypt to examine these questions and the first to include partner assessment. The study will start in January 2026. Results will be available by late 2026.

The aim of the study is to describe the effectiveness of Optilene® Silver Mesh Elastic on prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) at 6 months follow-up in patients undergoing urgent laparotomy by collecting clinical data on the SSI rates, IH rates and overall clinical performance of Optilene® Silver Mesh Elastic used for the prevention of incisional hernia as prophylactic mesh in patients that require urgent median laparotomy in clinical routine.

The management of obesity is based on a multidisciplinary approach and justifies the use of surgery in patients with the most severe forms. Surgery for obesity or bariatric surgery generally allows rapid and significant weight loss however it is associated with significant risks, and its long-term results remain heterogeneous and unpredictable. Long-term data will clarify the role of different types of bariatric surgery in surgical strategy, improve patient information and identify predictors of failure in order to provide personalised and tailored surgery for each candidate .

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of whole body vibration on muscle functional level, physical fitness and respiratory parameters after bariatric surgery. Hypotheses of the study: H1: TVV after bariatric surgery has an effect on the functional level of the muscle. H2: TVV after bariatric surgery has an effect on physical fitness. H3: TVV after bariatric surgery has an effect on respiratory parameters. H4: TVV after bariatric surgery has an effect on quality of life. H5: TVV after bariatric surgery has an effect on body composition. H6: TVV after bariatric surgery has an effect on biochemical parameters. Patients will be divided into 3 randomized controlled groups. Whole body vibration application group, resistance exercise group and control group. The whole body vibration group will exercise on the device 3 days a week. Resistance exercise group will exercise with resistance band 3 days a week. All exercises will last 6 weeks. The whole body vibration, resistance exercise and control groups will be recommended to walk 7 days a week.

The goal of this observational study is to learn whether routine stool tests can detect changes in gut function 6 months after two common types of weight loss surgery: sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass (including mini gastric bypass and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass). The main questions it aims to answer are: Do stool tests show more signs of undigested food or carbohydrate malabsorption after gastric bypass compared to sleeve gastrectomy? Do signs of gut inflammation in stool (like fecal calprotectin) decrease after surgery, and does this relate to improvements in blood sugar and weight loss? Can simple stool test results at 6 months predict how much weight a person loses or how well their diabetes improves? Researchers will compare stool test results between the two surgery groups (sleeve gastrectomy vs. gastric bypass) to see if the type of surgery leads to different changes in gut health. Participants will: Provide a stool sample before surgery and again 6 months after surgery Provide a blood sample at the same time points to measure weight, blood sugar, and cholesterol Undergo their planned weight loss surgery as part of their regular medical care

Research the genetic and biomechanical markers of human adipose tissue on patients with morbid obesity. Additional tissue/fluid collection is also gathered during the time of surgery.

Patients with morbid obesity who require a breathing machine (mechanical ventilator) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) frequently experience partial lung collapse. This happens because the extra weight of the chest and abdomen presses on the lungs, reducing their capacity and making it difficult to maintain adequate oxygen levels. To address this, doctors often perform a standard lung recruitment maneuver, which involves temporarily increasing the air pressure from the ventilator to gently pop open the collapsed lung areas. However, standard bedside monitoring tools make it difficult to see exactly how well the different regions of the lungs are reopening. This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the use of Bedside Lung Ultrasound (LUS), which is a safe, radiation-free imaging tool, to monitor how well the lungs respond to these maneuvers in real-time. During the study, researchers will use a standardized 12-zone ultrasound scan to examine the lungs of mechanically ventilated adult patients (BMI ≥ 33 kg/m²) before, during, and after a step-by-step lung recruitment maneuver. By calculating a "Total Lung Ultrasound Score," the medical team can directly visualize and measure the transition from collapsed tissue to normal, aerated lung tissue. Furthermore, the ultrasound will be used during a step-down pressure phase to help identify the patient's "optimal PEEP" (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure), which is the exact customized pressure needed to keep the lungs open after the maneuver is complete, thereby improving oxygenation and minimizing the risk of lung injury.

The investigators propose a randomized controlled trial comparing BP and roux limb lengths measuring 30 and 15% respectively of patient's total small bowel length versus current standard practice using fixed lengths. The findings would provide further insight into feasibility of standardizing RYGB limb lengths and optimizing resultant weight loss and metabolic effects. The investigators hypothesize RYGB with ratio-adjusted limb lengths (aRYGB) will result in higher total weight loss and resolution of metabolic syndrome comorbidities, including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension compared to standard fixed-length RYGB (sRYGB). The study will also utilize the Short Form Rand 36-Item Health Survey (SF36) to determine differences in postoperative quality of life metrics.

This observational study aims to learn about the correlation between the improving comorbidities associated with obesity after MGB (Mini-Gastric Bypass) surgery and changes in body composition in morbidly obese patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: To study the correlation between the improving comorbidities associated with obesity after MGB(Mini-Gastric Bypass) surgery and changes in body composition. Other objectives are: * Changes in the parameters of the metabolic syndrome after surgery * Changes in the cardiovascular risk biomarkers after metabolic surgery * Emergence in complications arising out of surgery requiring any intervention or causing a prolonged hospital stay, or requiring additional outpatient visits. Type of Study: An observational study in which participants with morbid obesity will undergo mini-gastric bypass surgery as per routine protocol. No separate experimental interventions will be done in the study for the participants.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a hormone that helps regulate blood glucose levels through improved insulin sensitivity and release of insulin from the pancreas, control hunger, induce satiety and plays a role in the metabolic health of a person. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) have been shown to be effective in achieving weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes while improving blood glucose control. Bariatric surgical procedures have been shown to be effective in treating obesity as well as superior to best medical therapy for treatment of diabetes not just through restriction of calories but also through a positive impact in modifications of gut hormones, changes in circulating bile acids, modifications in the gut microflora as well as other undefined mechanisms. The combined benefits of GLP1-RAs with bariatric surgery have only been studied to a limited effect. In this randomized trial, the effects of continuation or discontinuation of GLP1-RA therapy in patients undergoing bariatric surgery will be determined. We will compare changes in weight, metabolic determinants including circulating bile acids and gut microbiome, psychological determinants of eating behavior, and adverse side effects in patients who continue vs discontinue therapy. Given differences in metabolic and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), both surgical groups will be examined. The study will be conducted at a high volume bariatric surgical program where patients will undergo randomization at the time of final clinic visit prior to surgery to continue or discontinue GLP1-RA. It is hypothesized that participants who continue GLP1-RA therapy after bariatric surgery will lose more weight with improved blood glucose control than those who discontinue therapy. Furthermore, changes in gut microbiome and circulating bile acids, known determinants of metabolic health, will be modified to a differential extent in those who are on GLP1-RAs vs those where GLP1-RAs are discontinued. Understanding the role these medications play in not only clinical outcomes after metabolic surgery but potential metabolic mechanisms by which surgery improves patient's metabolic health could help people with obesity and type 2 diabetes make informed decisions about their treatment options as well as advise providers on the continuation of these medications in the perioperative and postoperative period.

Morbid obesity, is known to be associated with a high risk of VTE and, unfortunately, fixed doses of anticoagulant regimens may not provide optimal VTE prophylaxis in these patients especially after surgery.

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the impact of chrono-nutrition, a dietary approach that aligns meal timing with the body's circadian rhythms, on weight change, metabolic outcomes, appetite, and gut microbiota in post-bariatric surgery patients. A total of 246 adults who underwent sleeve gastrectomy at least six months earlier will be enrolled at King Saud Medical City. Participants will be randomized to receive either standard post-bariatric nutritional care or personalized chrono-nutrition based on individual chronotype. Outcomes include weight change, metabolic biomarkers, dietary behaviors, sleep patterns, and gut microbiota composition. The study aims to determine whether integrating chrono-nutrition into post-bariatric follow-up can enhance metabolic health and improve long-term health.

Obesity is a serious health problem worldwide and can lead to many diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and sleep apnea. When lifestyle changes and medications are not enough, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is currently the most effective and long-lasting treatment option. This study focuses on one of the newer types of bariatric surgery called Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy (SADI-S). This procedure combines two parts: Sleeve gastrectomy, which reduces the size of the stomach so the patient feels full after eating a small amount. Duodeno-ileal bypass, which shortens the path food takes through the small intestine to reduce calorie absorption. Our hospital's surgical team is studying a tailored version of this operation, where the length of the bypassed intestine is adjusted to each patient's anatomy. We believe this personalized approach may improve weight loss results while lowering the risk of vitamin and nutrient deficiencies. The study will include 40 adult patients with obesity who are undergoing SADI-S surgery, either as their first weight loss operation or as a revision surgery after an earlier sleeve gastrectomy. During the operation, surgeons will measure the total length of each patient's small intestine and use a formula to decide how much of it should be bypassed. The duodeno-ileal connection will be made using a stapled technique, which is expected to be safe and efficient. After surgery, patients will be followed regularly at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and then once per year. At each visit, the study team will monitor weight loss, body mass index (BMI), resolution of diabetes and other obesity-related conditions, nutritional status (including vitamins and minerals), and any side effects such as diarrhea, reflux, or nutritional problems. The goal of this study is to learn whether this tailored SADI-S technique can provide strong, sustained weight loss and health improvement with fewer long-term complications. The results will help improve surgical planning for future patients by showing whether measuring and customizing the bypass length is safer and more effective than using a fixed length. All data collected will be kept confidential. Patients' participation in the study will not change their regular care or follow-up, and they can withdraw at any time without affecting their treatment.

Metabolic surgery is an emerging option to treat obesity-related metabolic diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes) and prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic surgery can profoundly alter the gut microbiota; meanwhile, gut microbiota may affect surgical outcomes. Longitudinal studies that examined pre- to post-surgery changes in gut microbiota and its relation to cardiometabolic health after surgery are limited. Furthermore, few studies have included African Americans, a population with high rates of cardiometabolic diseases. The investigators aim to fill these research gaps by establishing a longitudinal, observational study of metabolic surgery patients and applying multi-omics to identify stool, blood, and/or tissue microbial features related to post-surgery cardiometabolic outcomes. In the current study, the investigators plan to enroll up to 300 patients who undergo metabolic surgery at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and follow them for up to 10 years after surgery. Fasting blood and stool samples will be collected at pre-surgery and 3-month, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year post-surgery clinical visits. Tissue samples (e.g., biopsies of the liver and adipose and remnants of the stomach) will be collected during operation. Meanwhile, participants will complete a REDCap survey at baseline and 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year post-surgery. Participants' electronic medical records will be used to obtain additional information and facilitate long-term follow-up. The investigators will evaluate pre- to post-surgery changes in the fecal microbiome and fecal and blood levels of metabolites and proteins and the associations of microbiome, metabolites, and proteins with cardiometabolic improvements after surgery. This study will advance our understanding of the role of gut microbiota in metabolic surgery, which may translate into novel approaches to identify and treat obese patients for better cardiometabolic health.

Rapid onset Obesity, Hypoventilation, Hypothalamic dysfunction and Autonomic Dysregulation (ROHHAD) is a syndrome named in 2007. The hallmark of the syndrome is the rapid onset obesity and dysregulation of central ventilation. There is little information about the metabolic changes that lead to the rapid onset obesity in these children. The investigators would like to study the metabolic phenotype of these children to understand the disturbances in energy balance that lead to the rapid onset obesity.

The objective of this randomized controlled trial is to compare perioperative outcomes between laparoscopic and robotic approaches in patients with severe obesity who are candidates for RYGB. The trial aims to address the following key questions: To evaluate the difference between the two procedures in terms of postoperative complications. To assess intraoperative complications, conversion rate, mortality, operative times, postoperative hospital stay, and cost analysis for both approaches. In summary, the researchers will compare the laparoscopic and robotic approaches to determine which one leads to better perioperative outcomes

The goal of this randomized control trial is to compare different doses of Misoprostol (25 mcg vs 50 mcg) in induction of labor (IOL) in morbidly obese patients with BMI \>40. It is known that morbid obesity is a risk factor for failed IOL and ultimately cesarean delivery (CD.) If the rates of vaginal delivery in this population can improve, then surgical morbidity can be reduced in these patients.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are the most common complications that can occur after general anesthesia. Postoperative use of opioids and morbid obesity have been reported as risk factors of PONV. In this study, the investigators aimed to compare the degree of postoperative side effects and pain control when an intravenous patient-controlled analgesia combining fentanyl and ketorolac via a dual-chamber device was provided to participants undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Obesity is a disease caused by many factors, such as lifestyle, eating habits, lack of physical activity, hormonal and genetic influences. These different factors make treatment planning difficult. Common treatments include changes in diet and lifestyle, medications, endoscopic methods (like balloon or botox), and surgery. No matter which method is used, the main goal is to help patients lose weight by creating a negative energy balance. To keep the weight off, patients need to maintain a balanced lifestyle in the long term. However, many treatments are not successful over time. One important part of long-term success is helping patients change their lifestyle and eating habits. A person's cognitive function may affect how they understand and follow these changes. Some studies show that a high body mass index (BMI) is linked to problems with thinking and memory. While weight loss may help improve brain function, the investigators don't yet know how early cognitive differences affect treatment results. At the obesity center in our hospital, morbidly obese patients receive support from a team of doctors, dietitians, psychologists, and physiotherapists. For at least three months, they attend individual and group sessions to help change their lifestyle and eating habits. This study aims to see how patients' cognitive function affects how much weight they lose by the end of the program.

It is a randomized parallel arm intervention study in adults with severe obesity. The objective is to demonstrate that within a dietary handling for weight loss, the daily ingestion during 3 months of whole dairy products enriched with milk polar lipids or whole dairy products decreases to a greater extent fasting plasma apolipoprotein B concentrations than the daily ingestion of low-fat dairy products (control group). Metabolic parameters will be assessed before and after the 3-month intervention, both at fasting and in postprandial period after the consumption of standardized meals.

This clinical trial aims to determinate whether a structured exercise program, supported by telerehabilitation, can help individuals with severe obesity who are going to undergo bariatric surgery. The main objective of this study is whether a structured exercise program, including both supervised and home-based workouts, leads to greater body fat loss and improved strength compared to usual care. Furthermore, it also aims to evaluate other potentially affected aspects, such as body composition and functionality, quality of life, cardiovascular fitness, and various genetic and metabolic factors. This study is a randomized clinical trial with two groups: * The intervention group will follow a structured exercise program both pre- and post- surgery. * The control group will receive standard care, including nutritional counseling and general health advice. The study will include 72 adults with severe obesity (36 men and 36 women), all of whom will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Participants in the exercise group will follow these steps: 1. Before Surgery (Prehabilitation): A 26-week program with aerobic and strength exercises, done in-person or remotely 2-4 times per week. 2. Pre-Surgery Maintenance: A flexible period before surgery where participants continue exercising on their own. 3. After Surgery (Rehabilitation): A 20-week program focused on recovery and strength. 4. Post-Surgery Maintenance: A long-term, self-guided phase to maintain progress. Participants in the exercise group will also receive the same care as the control group, including nutrition counseling and medical checkups. To evaluate participant progress, a series of measurements will be carried out, including: * BMI and body composition * Physical function assessed through isometric strength tests and other measures such as the Sit-to-Stand test and the 6-Minute Walk Test * Quality of life and lifestyle assessed using validated questionnaires * Daily physical activity measured with pedometers * Metabolic and genetic analysis from blood samples If proven effective, this program could help establish structured exercise with telerehabilitation as a standard component of obesity care. The results may support the integration of exercise programs into clinical practice, leading to improved long-term outcomes for individuals with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Additionally, insights into genetic and metabolic factors may contribute to the development of personalized treatment strategies.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a technique used for bariatric surgery, with results comparable to conventional surgery, in order to treat morbid obesity. It has also less risks of complications, and it is not an irreversible technique. It can be repeated overtime, regarding the evolution of the gastroplasty. There is little data in the literature on the effectiveness of endoscopic "revision". This study will assess the benefits and costs of a revision during the follow-up endoscopy.

Endoscopic gastric tubulization is currently proposed in the Digestive Surgery Department of the Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France, to adult patients with morbid obesity. The procedure is performed using the CE marked endoscopic suture device Overstitch (Apollo Endosurgery, Austin, Tx. USA). It is standard practice since October 2016. The objective of this study is to prospectively collect data of patients who underwent an endoscopic gastric tubulization, from last visit before procedure to 2 years after procedure. These data are usually collected during medical consultations and will enable the evaluation of weight loss, quality of life and comorbidities improvement, reproducibility and durability of the technique.

Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery: An open\_label randomized controlled trial