Omega-3 Fatty Acids

The purpose of the proposed double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial is to understand how supplementation with fish oil \[docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)\] promote brain health against soccer heading. The study involves taking DHA+EPA or placebo, questionnaires, blood draws, brain imaging, tests to evaluate heart function, and soccer headings.

In this 4-year proposed project, we will enroll 140 patients with aMCI or mild AD into a 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled drug trial. All patients will be allocated randomly to one of two treatment groups for 24 weeks (n = 70 in each group) in a double-blind manner: \[1\] DAOIB + omega-3; \[2\] DAOIB + placebo. We will assess the patients every 8 weeks during the treatment period (weeks 0, 8, 16, and 24). We hypothesize that DAOIB combined with omega-3 will yield better efficacy than placebo in improving the cognitive function, global functioning and quality of life in patients with aMCI or mild AD.

The goal of this project is to evaluate the efficacy of personalized dosage recommendations of Parasol Omega-3 Fish Oil on achieving an Omega-3 Index of \>8% in individuals with a baseline Omega-3 Index \<8% over a 90-day period.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether omega-3 fatty acid supplementation can reduce inflammation-related biomarkers and improve cardiovascular health in healthy adult volunteers with different genetic backgrounds. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the response to omega-3 supplementation differ based on genetic variation in the FADS gene cluster (specifically rs174537)? Are changes in fatty acid ratios and inflammation markers greater among individuals of African ancestry compared to those of European ancestry? Researchers will compare omega-3 supplements to a placebo in a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study to determine whether the Omega-3 supplementation is more effective in certain genetic and ancestry groups. Participants will take omega-3 supplements or a placebo daily for a defined period, then cross over to the other intervention. They will provide blood samples for analysis of fatty acid levels and inflammatory markers, complete questionnaires, and attend scheduled study visits.

This study will recruit 30 adults (men and women, aged 18 years and over) who will be randomly assigned to one of two groups in a 12-week double-blind pilot trial. Participants will receive either: * Arm 1: Krill Oil group: 4 g/day of krill oil supplements (Superba™ Antarctic Krill Oil, 1000 mg capsules), or * Arm 2: Control group: 4 g/day of placebo (vegetable oil capsules). Participants will be instructed to maintain their usual diet and physical activity patterns throughout the study. Eligibility will be assessed using a health screening questionnaire, completed with the researcher's assistance, before obtaining informed consent. Habitual physical activity will be evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short form), and dietary intake will be assessed with the EPIC Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) at both the beginning and end of the study. In addition, participants will record their fish consumption weekly using a dedicated logbook. Measurements will be taken at baseline and after 12 weeks, including: * Blood samples to assess inflammatory and metabolic markers. * Anthropometry and body composition, including weight, height, fat mass, fat percentage, and muscle mass (via ultrasound). * Muscle strength, measured using handgrip strength and maximal voluntary contraction (each performed three times with rest between attempts). * Physical performance, assessed with a 4-meter walk test at normal speed Upon completing the study, participants will receive a £50 voucher in appreciation of their contribution.