Osteoporosis (Senile)

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the skin safety of a soluble denosumab microneedle patch in participants with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is the soluble denosumab microneedle patch safe for use on the skin? * What are the potential skin reactions to the patch? Researchers will compare different doses of the microneedle patch to assess its safety. Participants will: * Apply the microneedle patch to four different areas around their knee * Undergo skin assessments at various time points after application * Be monitored for any adverse skin reactions The study will take place at a single center and involve a small number of participants to provide preliminary data on the safety of this novel drug delivery system.

At present, there is little epidemiological information on osteoporosis in the elderly population of Shandong Province, especially the lack of systematic research on the role of bone metabolism and biochemical indicators in the diagnosis and prognosis of osteoporosis in the elderly population of Shandong Province. The group intends to conduct a study on the epidemiological characteristics of osteoporosis patients and the significance of bone metabolism biochemical indexes in the diagnosis and prognosis of osteoporosis in elderly people in Shandong Province, which includes 1) assessing the prevalence of osteoporosis and the risk factors associated with osteoporosis in the community population, and 2) exploring the role of bone metabolism biochemical indexes in the diagnosis and prognosis of osteoporosis in the hospitalised population. Expected outcomes include the establishment of a database of community and inpatient populations in Shandong Province, publication of research papers, and participation in academic conferences at home and abroad. The database will collect and organise data on osteoporosis in the community and inpatient osteoporosis in Shandong Province, and provide support for subsequent data analysis and research.