Retinal Detachment

his study evaluates the clinical utility of an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted lesion-based urgent referral triage system for ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal images. Unlike disease-classification systems, the AI system identifies predefined vision-threatening retinal findings and generates lesion-level urgent referral recommendations. Participating ophthalmologists will evaluate UWF retinal images under randomized AI-assisted and unassisted conditions. The primary objective is to determine whether lesion-based AI assistance improves urgent referral triage performance compared with unaided image interpretation.

This prospective interventional translational study aims to identify and validate protein biomarkers associated with major ophthalmological diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and retinal detachment (RD). A total of approximately 260 participants (cases and controls) will be enrolled at a single center. Biological samples, including peripheral blood, tears, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and subretinal fluid, will be collected during routine clinical and surgical procedures. Advanced clinical proteomics approaches will be applied to characterize molecular signatures associated with disease onset, progression, and response to treatment. The study seeks to improve the understanding of disease pathophysiology and support the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ophthalmology.

Retinal detachment occurs when fluid separates the retina (a thin, light sensing tissue) from its usual attachment at the back of the eye. If detached, these retinal cells lose their normal blood supply and begin to die, which is the primary cause of vision loss in retinal detachment. The 'macula' refers to the very centre of the retina, with the highest density of retinal cells, most responsible for vision. Significant vision loss occurs when this part of the retina becomes separated (termed a 'macula-off retinal detachment'). Typically, surgery is required to repair the retinal detachment. Supporting the health of retinal cells at the macula may prolong their survival after detachment and their recovery postoperatively. Recent evidence has shown that boosting our nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels may improve the health of these cells and prolong their survival if detached. Oral Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) is converted into NAD+, and while not studied for macula-off retinal detachments, has been safely used in a range of other conditions. This study is designed to help evaluate the safety and tolerability of NR to help preserve vision in people diagnosed with macula-off retinal detachment. This study drug is given as an oral supplement (tablet) at the time of retinal detachment diagnosis, and daily for 20 weeks thereafter. The drug aims to prolong survival of cells in the retina (and macula) and their recovery after surgery. The long-term goal of this treatment is to reduce loss of vision after retinal detachment. The researchers will compare NR to a placebo (a look-alike substance that contains no drug) to see if NR has a positive effect on photoreceptor survival and quality of vision postoperatively. NR has been approved by the Therapeutic Goods Administration in Australia for many purposes but has not been approved for use in retinal detachment treatment.

The purpose of this real-world evidence study is to compare surgical procedure times for UNITY® VCS and CONSTELLATION® Vision System.

The aim of our study is to compare between two techniques used for active SOR. The outcomes include efficiency and safety. Patients with silicon filled eyes and prepared for SOR 540 eyes of 505 patients (one eye in 470 patients, and both eyes in 35 patients) were enrolled in the study. All eyes underwent SOR using 23-Gauge PPV. The eyes were classified according to the surgical technique used for SOR into two groups:- Group A: SOR was performed using SO extraction program built in Optikon vitrectomy device Group B: SOR was performed using modified spring loaded syringe.

Knowledge of the pathogenesis of ocular conditions, a leading cause of blindness, has benefited greatly from recent advances in ophthalmic imaging. However, current clinical imaging systems are limited in resolution, speed, or access to certain structures of the eye. The use of a high-resolution imaging system improves the resolution of ophthalmoscopes by several orders of magnitude, allowing the visualization of many microstructures of the eye: photoreceptors, vessels, nerve bundles in the retina, cells and nerves in the cornea. The use of a high-speed acquisition imaging system makes it possible to detect functional measurements such as the speed of blood flow. The combination of data from multiple imaging systems to obtain multimodal information is of great importance for improving the understanding of structural changes in the eye during a disease. The purpose of this project is to observe structures that are not detectable with routinely used systems.

The overall five-year goals of the project are to develop novel technology to provide actionable new information through provision of live volumetric imaging during surgery, improving surgical practice and outcomes. The investigators believe this technology will enable novel ophthalmic and other microsurgeries not possible due to current limitations in surgical visualization.

Retinal detachment is a vision-threatening condition that requires urgent surgical repair. Understanding the condition, the surgery, and post-operative instructions is difficult for many patients, particularly in multilingual and multicultural populations. This study will evaluate whether short, animated educational videos, available in 25 languages and designed with accessibility features for patients with low vision, improve patient knowledge, reduce anxiety, and support adherence to post-operative instructions when added to standard counselling. Patients will be randomized to standard counselling alone versus counselling plus video in their preferred language. Outcomes will be measured with validated questionnaires at baseline, immediately after counselling, and one week post-surgery.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT )provides high resolution information regarding the anatomic structure of the tissues of the eye in a cross-sectional and 3 dimensional view. Much of this information is not able to be visualized by a clinician. Utilizing this information during surgery will allow for the ophthalmic surgeons to better understand how surgical procedures impact the anatomic structure of the eye. In this study an OCT device that has been built into the microscope (rather than mounted on the side or held in the surgeon's hand) and will be utilized to take images at various milestones during surgery to assess feasibility and potential utility of this technology. Since it is built into the microscope, there are potential significant advantages over a separate system including increased efficiency, improved working distance, and the ability to visualize tissue-instrument interactions.

This study is indicated for patients with extended rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) (≥ 2 quadrants) with macula OFF lasting 7 days or less, pseudophakic or aphakic, and scheduled to undergo surgical intervention with vitrectomy and gas tamponade in one of the ophthalmology departments participating in the study. The main objective is to assess the effectiveness of UDCA in visual acuity recovery at 3 months (i.e., the difference between preoperative visual acuity and visual acuity 3 months after surgery) in pseudophakic or aphakic patients who have undergone successful surgical intervention (reattachment of the retina) through vitrectomy and gas tamponade following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). 120 patients will be enrolled and randomized in two groups: * the experimental arm "UDCA Group," with oral administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursolvan®) * the control group "Placebo Group," with oral administration of the placebo.

Background: Few large randomized controlled trials provide strong evidence to guide surgical repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. The purpose of this factorial, single-blind, randomized controlled trial is to analyze and compare the surgical outcomes, functional visual outcomes, complications, and quality of life associated with RRD repair using (A) pars plana vitrectomy only (PPV) or PPV with scleral buckle (PPV-SB) and (B) sulfur hexafluoride gas (SF6) or perfluoropropane gas (C3F8) tamponade. Methods: Eligible patients with moderately complex RRD will be randomized 1:1 to PPV or PPV-SB and 1:1 to SF6 or C3F8 gas tamponade. Approximately 560 patients will be recruited to be able to detect a difference of around 10% in SSAS rate between groups. Patients will be followed using multimodal imaging and quality of life questionnaires before and after the surgical repair until 1 year postoperative. The primary outcome will be single surgery anatomic success (SSAS), defined as absence of reoperation for recurrent RRD in the operating room. Secondary outcomes will be pinhole visual acuity (PHVA) at 8-10 weeks and 6 months, final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), final retina status (i.e., attached or detached), time to onset of RRD recurrence, severity and number of complications, and questionnaire results. Discussion: This will be the first 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial examining repair techniques in primary RRD. It will also be the first randomized controlled trial to compare gas tamponade between the two most common agents. Notably, it will be adequately powered to detect a clinically significant effect size. The use of multimodal imaging will also be a novel aspect of this study, allowing us to compare head-to-head the impact of adding an SB to the retina's recovery after RRD repair and of differing gas tamponades. Until now, the treatment of RRD has been largely guided by pragmatic retrospective cohort studies. There is a lack of strong evidence guiding therapeutic decisions and this trial will address (1) whether supplemental SB is justified and (2) whether longer duration gas tamponade with C3F8 is necessary.

Despite advances in surgical techniques over the recent decades, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) remains the main obstacle to successful rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair, accounting for nearly 75% of all primary surgical failures. It is characterized by the growth and contraction of cellular membranes within the vitreous cavity and on both surfaces of the detached retina as well as intraretinal fibrosis. The Retina Society classification, modified in 1991 and currently the most widely used, divided PVR into three grades. Grade A is limited to the presence of vitreous haze and pigment clumps. Grade B includes rolled or irregular edges of tear and/or inner retinal surface wrinkling with possible retinal stiffness and vessel tortuosity. Grade C is defined as the presence of full-thickness fixed retinal folds and is further subdivided based on the number of hours involved and the location. Recently, Foveau et al., in a retrospective comparative case series, have demonstrated that performing internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during RRD surgery may increase the anatomical success rate for this indication. The aim of this multi-center, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ILM peeling on surgical outcomes in patients with primary macula-off RRD complicated by grade B PVR.