Retinal Vascular

Women's physiology changes markedly during normal pregnancy. The most distinct alterations occur in the hormonal and cardiovascular systems. There is a dramatic increase in both estrogen and progesterone. Blood volume starts to increase in the first gestational period and reaches a peak in the third trimester. The physiologic ocular changes during pregnancy are mainly the result of hormonal and blood volume increase, and then are usually marked in the third trimester.