Thoracoscopic Surgery

This is a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at a single center. The study aims to evaluate whether a "tubeless" strategy can enhance recovery for patients undergoing minimally invasive thoracoscopic sublobar resection (wedge or segment resection) for small lung nodules. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: * The experimental group will receive the "tubeless" strategy, which includes non-endotracheal intubation anesthesia (using a laryngeal mask) and no routine chest tube drainage after surgery. * The control group will receive the traditional strategy, which includes double-lumen endotracheal intubation anesthesia and routine chest tube drainage. The main goal is to compare the rate of achieving high-quality fast-track recovery at 24 hours after surgery between the two groups. This study will provide evidence on whether the tubeless approach can help patients recover faster and more comfortably without compromising safety.

Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) refers to postoperative elevation of cardiac troponin (cTn) levels caused by underlying ischemic mechanisms (i.e., coronary artery supply-demand imbalance or atherosclerotic thrombosis) without obvious non-ischemic causes (such as pulmonary embolism), with at least one cTn concentration exceeding the 99th percentile of the test reference upper limit, regardless of whether clinical symptoms and ECG changes are present. MINS, including myocardial infarction and ischemic myocardial injury, typically occurs within 30 days after surgery, most commonly within the first 2 postoperative days. It is an independent risk factor for 30-day postoperative mortality and is also closely associated with increased risk of mortality and vascular complications within 2 years . MINS is a common cardiovascular complication after thoracic surgery. Therefore, reducing the incidence of MINS in non-cardiac thoracic surgery to improve patient outcomes is a critical issue in anesthetic management for thoracic surgery. Ciprofol is a Class 1 innovative drug independently developed in China with global intellectual property rights. Currently, Ciprofol has completed Phase III clinical trials in China and the United States; its approved indications in China include sedation or anesthesia for various diagnostic procedures, general anesthesia for surgical operations, and sedation during intensive care unit (ICU) stays. Completed drug clinical trials and published clinical trial data of Ciprofol indicate that it can better maintain circulatory stability and ideal anesthetic depth during anesthesia induction and maintenance, making it a promising intravenous general anesthetic alternative to propofol. Maintaining hemodynamic stability is an important measure to reduce cardiovascular complications during the perioperative period. Given the good circulatory stability and sedative efficacy of Ciprofol, this study aims to investigate the impact of Ciprofol on MINS in non-cardiac thoracic surgery.

This clinical trial aims to understand whether a visual double-lumen intubation tube can improve the first-attempt success rate and reduce complications compared to a standard double-lumen tube. The trial primarily aims to answer the following questions: Does a double-lumen tube improve the first-attempt success rate? Does a visual double-lumen tube reduce the likelihood of obstruction of the right upper lobe bronchial opening? Does a visual double-lumen tube require fewer adjustments during surgery? Do patients with visual double-lumen tubes experience fewer perioperative complications compared to those with standard double-lumen tubes? Participants will: Use a visual double-lumen tube partially and a standard double-lumen tube partially. Record the perioperative status of all patients.

These are patients in whom a benign or malignant tumor was recorded requiring surgery. During that surgery, the surgeon will cut away the tumor as part of the treatment of the disease. In this process, it is important that the tumor is removed correctly and completely. To verify that the correct tissue was completely removed, the tissue is examined microscopically. However, a microscopic analysis takes a relatively long time and the result is not known until a few days after the surgery is completed. If that microscopic analysis should eventually reveal that the tumor was not completely removed, additional treatment is usually necessary. An assessment of the excised tissue during surgery would allow additional tissue to be excised in the same operation if necessary. Thus, in this way, additional treatments can also be avoided. This could lead to shorter treatment time and less emotional strain for the patient, as well as lower costs. To date, however, there are no effective techniques to do this. PositronEmissionTomography (PET) imaging can be used to image the tumor that needs to be excised. To do this, a tracer must be administered through the blood before the operation. This tracer is a slightly radioactive substance that can be detected by the PET camera even at low concentrations. This technique is already routinely used in the hospital to detect cancer or inflammatory tissue in the body. During this study, however, it's not the intention to look at the tumor while it is still in the patient's body, but rather after it has been cut out of the patient's body by the surgeon. To do this, the piece of tissue cut away will be scanned using a specially designed PET-CT scanner. The overall goal of this study is to gain additional knowledge. More specifically, the investigators wish to determine which medical conditions may benefit from high-resolution PET-CT specimen imaging.

To explore the status quo and influencing factors of hyperpain in patients after thoracoscopic surgery, and to explore the effect of earphone sound isolation during combined operation of flurbiprofen axidate and binaural beat music played by earphone during combined operation on the intervention of hyperpain after thoracoscopic surgery.

To investigate the safety and effectiveness of preoperative aerosol inhalation ICG solution for thoracoscopic accurate resection of congenital lung malformations in children.