Tracheal Stenosis

The OXYGEN-RCT trial is a randomized, controlled, double blinded, prospective, multi-center trial to demonstrate the safety and efficacy in adult benign central airway stenosis. Participates will be in a 1:1 allocation to treatment with the Airiver Pulmonary DCB or standard of care laryngoscopic/bronchoscopic balloon dilation, respectively.

Some people develop a narrowing of their windpipe (trachea), called benign tracheal stenosis, which can make it hard to breathe. Doctors often treat this by using a bronchoscope-a thin, flexible tube with a camera-to open up the airway or remove scar tissue. While these procedures help patients breathe better, we do not fully understand why the narrowing occurs or how the tissue heals afterward. The purpose of this study is to better understand the biological changes in the airway tissue before and after these standard medical procedures. During the procedure, small samples of tissue that would already be collected as part of normal care will be analyzed in the laboratory. The results may help doctors learn more about airway healing and could guide better treatments in the future.

Benign tracheal stenosis is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, typically resulting from fibroinflammatory scarring. It can be secondary to iatrogenic etiologies such as intubation or tracheostomy , as well as autoimmune diseases and being idiopathic. Patients typically undergoes endoscopic or surgical interventions to open up the airways. This project will analyze resected or biopsied tissue from patients with benign tracheal stenosis to define disease-specific RNA expression profiles.

Aim of the Work To compare the clinical outcomes between patients will undergo slide tracheoplasty and those will undergo tracheal resection anastomosis for acquired tracheal stenosis.

This study aims to develop a CT-based scoring system to help predict whether patients with tracheal stenosis will require surgical treatment or can be managed with endoscopic procedures. Using retrospective data, researchers will evaluate CT scans of patients diagnosed with tracheal stenosis to measure features such as airway diameter, wall thickness, and tissue density (measured in Hounsfield Units). The goal is to create a non-invasive, reproducible, and objective tool-called the Tracheal Stenosis Morphology and Attenuation Score (TSMAS)-that can support clinical decision-making and improve treatment planning.