Clinical trials

This research intends to analyze how a 12-week adjustment in lifestyle influences inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress indicators in overweight individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and moderate CKD

Background and Rationale: Cancer patients receiving outpatient therapy often manage complex medication regimens that include anticancer agents, supportive care medications, and treatments for chronic comorbidities. This polypharmacy greatly increases the risk of medication discrepancies, potential drug-drug interactions, and unintentional errors. Moreover, because most oncology care is delivered in outpatient settings, patients are primarily responsible for self-administering their medications, making adherence a key determinant of treatment success and patient safety (Lindenmeyer et al., 2022; Alshehri et al., 2024). Medication errors and poor adherence among oncology patients are widely recognized global concerns. Research indicates that nearly half of cancer patients experience at least one medication discrepancy during transitions of care, and nonadherence to oral anticancer therapies can exceed 40%. Such issues can result in reduced treatment efficacy, increased toxicity, avoidable hospitalizations, higher healthcare costs, and poorer quality of life (Weingart et al., 2018; Wu et al., 2020; Patel et al., 2021). Pharmacists, as essential members of the multidisciplinary oncology team, are uniquely positioned to address these medication-related challenges. Their pharmacotherapy expertise and patient-education roles enable them to detect discrepancies, optimize medication use, and enhance patient understanding of treatment regimens. Evidence from various healthcare settings shows that pharmacist-led interventions such as medication reconciliation, individualized counseling, and structured follow-up can improve medication safety and adherence (de Clercq et al., 2021; Boeni et al., 2022). Despite strong evidence supporting each of these interventions individually, few studies have examined the combined effect of pharmacist-led reconciliation, counseling, and follow-up in outpatient oncology practice. Adult cancer patients face additional challenges, including complex dosing schedules, emotional distress, and financial burdens, all of which can impair medication adherence. An integrated pharmacist led program may create a continuous safety net that detects medication discrepancies early, reinforces correct use, and sustains adherence throughout treatment (Gellad et al., 2022; ISPOR Report, 2023). Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the impact of a comprehensive pharmacist-led program encompassing medication reconciliation, individualized counseling, and systematic follow-up on enhancing medication adherence and reducing medication errors among adult outpatient cancer patients. Demonstrating the effectiveness of this integrated care model may provide strong evidence to support the routine inclusion of pharmacists in outpatient oncology services to improve patient outcomes and medication safety (Alshehri et al., 2024; Boeni et al., 2022). Study Hypothesis: Adult oncology outpatients are frequently prescribed complex medication regimens upon leaving the hospital. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate whether a comprehensive pharmacist-led outpatient program improves medication adherence and reduces medication errors among this population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the impact of low intensity laser therapy on immune system response among DS children with pneumonia. Material and Methods: Forty DS children with bronchopneumonia, were included into ; group (A) received low intensity laser therapy, inspiratory muscle training in addition to medical treatment at a frequency of 3 sessions per week for one month, where the second group (B) received inspiratory muscle training in addition to medical treatment. Measurements of WBCs, IgG, IgA, IgM, RR and SaO2 were obtained for both groups before treatment and after one month at the end of the treatment program.

Here is a \*\*concise, clear summary (\~250 words / well under 5000 characters)\*\* while preserving the key scientific points: \--- Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is highly prevalent among overweight women, affecting more than 30% of those with BMI ≥25 kg/m². Excess body weight increases knee joint loading by 4-6 times per additional kilogram, accelerating cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone changes, and synovial inflammation. These alterations result in chronic pain, stiffness, functional limitation, and reduced quality of life, with obesity-related metabolic inflammation further worsening disease progression. Standard physical therapy (PT) remains first-line treatment, yet provides only modest benefits, achieving approximately 15-20% WOMAC improvement at 12 weeks, while up to half of overweight patients continue to experience significant symptoms. Lower body positive pressure therapy (LBPP) via antigravity treadmill offers a biomechanical enhancement by unloading 40-80% of body weight, enabling pain-free gait training and reducing joint impact forces by up to 80%. Studies report 30-40% WOMAC improvement and better walking capacity compared with conventional PT. Nevertheless, mechanical interventions alone do not address the inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms driving KOA. Alpha-lipoic acid (600 mg/day) and omega-3 fatty acids (1.5-2 g/day) provide targeted biochemical modulation, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and cartilage-degrading enzymes, with reported 25-35% functional improvement in clinical trials. Despite the promise of both approaches, no randomized trial has directly compared adding LBPP versus combined ALA and omega-3 supplementation to standard PT in overweight women with KOA. This study aims to fill this gap by evaluating the relative effectiveness of biomechanical versus biochemical adjuncts to optimize management of KOA in this high-risk population.

This study is designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with two parallel groups. All participants will receive a standardized physical therapy rehabilitation program. Participants will be randomly allocated into either a study group receiving metformin iontophoresis or a control group receiving placebo iontophoresis. Both participants and outcome assessors will be blinded to group allocation.

Baseline serum IgG, IgA, IgM (nephelometry), total WBC count (automated analyzer), RR (manual count), and SaO2 (pulse oximetry) were measured. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to assess relationships between immune and respiratory variables, and with age

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess whether probiotic supplementation can improve the hematological response of CKD patients to erythropoietin therapy and prevent or reduce erythropoietin resistance. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can probiotic be used as an adjuvant strategy in anemia management and increasing ESA responsiveness in CKD? What medical problems do participants have when taking probiotic? Researchers will compare Erythropoietin only with Erythropoietin + Probiotic to see if Probiotic aids in treating anaemic chronic kidney disease patients. Participants will: Take Erythropoietin + Probiotic or Probiotic only every day for 3 months Visit the clinic once every 4 weeks for checkups and tests Keep a diary of their symptoms

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major global health problem, with thoraco-lumbar injuries often leading to paraplegia and incomplete neurological recovery. The glial scar, resulting from astrocyte activation at the injury site, constitutes a major barrier to axon regeneration. Given the limitations of current treatments, there is an urgent need for new interventions to improve outcomes. Metformin, a common drug for diabetes, shows promising potential as a neuroprotective agent in preclinical SCI models, where it improves motor function and reduces pain and glial scar formation. Its safety in acute neurological injury has also been supported in a recent human trial for severe traumatic brain injury. Objective: To test the safety and efficacy of metformin in acute thoraco-lumbar SCI, focusing on neurological and functional outcomes as well as DTI metrics of spinal cord integrity. Methods. Study Design. Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Population: Participants that will be admitted during the time of the study to Neurosurgery department at Menoufia University hospitals at Menoufia University. Setting: Neurosurgery department at Menoufia University hospitals at Menoufia University. Keywords: Metformin, spinal cord injury, gliosis, randomized controlled trial, neuroprotection

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the efficacy of Empagliflozin versus Statins as monotherapy and polytherapy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Does drug ABC Empagliflozin versus Statins as monotherapy and polytherapy improve the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), the liver stiffness measurement (LSM), the proportion of patients with at least one point improvement or one-stage reduction in the histological scores with respect to hepatic steatosis, hepatocellular ballooning, lobular inflammation, and fibrosis after treatment? What medical problems do participants have when taking Empagliflozin versus Statins as monotherapy and polytherapy? Participants will: * Take Empagliflozin alone or Empagliflozin plus statins or Pioglitazone plus Statins or Pioglitazone alone as standard therapy every day for 3 months * Be directed to complete history taking. FibroScan®, abdominal ultrasound and laboratory tests of ALT, AST, ALP, platelets count, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, serum insulin and insulin resistance will be conducted at baseline and after the drug administration for 3 months. * Keep a diary of recording any side effects they use a rescue inhaler

Partial dentures play a crucial role in restoring oral function and aesthetics for patients with missing teeth. Traditionally, these prostheses have been fabricated using materials such as acrylic resin or cobalt-chromium alloys. However, advancements in digital dentistry have introduced new materials and manufacturing techniques, including computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milled titanium. While titanium offers advantages such as biocompatibility, lightweight properties, and corrosion resistance, its impact on speech performance remains understudied.

Acne vulgaris affects around 85% of adolescents and young adults. Adapalene, a topical retinoid, is a common treatment but often causes irritation, leading to poor adherence. Hyaluronic acid (HA), known for its hydrating and anti-inflammatory properties, may help reduce these side effects. This prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial compares adapalene 0.1% gel combined with HA serum versus adapalene alone over 8 weeks in patients with mild to moderate acne. Key outcomes include acne lesion reduction, incidence and severity of side effects (erythema, dryness, scaling, stinging/burning, pruritus), and skin hydration assessed through the skin turgor test. Acne severity will be measured using the Acne Severity Index (ASI) and Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scale. The study anticipates better efficacy, reduced irritation, and improved skin hydration with the combination therapy. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent will be secured from all participants.

• Aim of the study: This study will aim to investigate the effects of a 12-week Pilates-mat exercise program on the functional performance in middle age obese women. Materials and Methods: sixty obese women patients (ages 45-55 years old) with a body mass index (BMI) 30 -34.9 kg/m2.Women will be randomly assigned into experimental group(Pilates) or control group, (3 times/week, 60 min/session) their age from 45 to 55 yrs. The Pilates exercises were performed on mats. The functional performance on one-leg stance (OLS), five-times-sit-to-stand (STS) and 6-min walk (6 MW) tests was evaluated before and after the 12-week Pilates training or control follow-up period.

The present study will be performed to : evaluate the effect of two implant placement systems )conventional method and osseodensification method) radiographically on bone density and bone height surrounding the implant by using CBCT and clinically by probing depth and gingival index.