Clinical trials

This retrospective cohort study will evaluate burn patients hospitalized and treated at the Burn Center of Gaziantep City Hospital between October 2023 and June 2026. The study aims to compare demographic characteristics, burn severity, clinical course, and in-hospital outcomes between Turkish citizens and foreign-national burn patients. Data will be obtained retrospectively from patient files, discharge summaries, intensive care records, operative notes, and the hospital information management system. Variables will include age, sex, nationality status, burn etiology, total body surface area burned, inhalation injury, sepsis, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation requirement, surgical treatment requirement, number of operations, length of hospital stay, discharge status, transfer to another center, and in-hospital mortality. No additional intervention, diagnostic test, treatment, or follow-up procedure will be performed as part of this study. All analyses will be conducted using anonymized or coded retrospective clinical data.

This prospective, randomized, double-blind study compares the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) block and subcostal transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The primary outcome is 24-hour postoperative opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes include postoperative pain scores, time to first analgesic request, shoulder pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and block-related complications.

Obese patients are at increased risk of difficult airway management due to anatomical changes in the anterior neck soft tissues. Accurate preoperative prediction of difficult airway remains challenging using conventional clinical airway assessment tests alone. This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the role of ultrasound assessment of anterior neck soft tissue thickness in predicting difficult airway risk in overweight and obese adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Ultrasound-based anterior neck measurements will be compared with standard clinical airway assessment parameters to determine their diagnostic accuracy for difficult laryngoscopy and intubation. The results of this study may contribute to improved preoperative airway risk stratification and safer airway management in obese patients.

This prospective, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of Capacitive and Resistive Energy Transfer (TECAR) therapy in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a TECAR plus exercise group or a sham TECAR plus exercise group. Both groups will receive a standardized home exercise program including elbow and wrist range-of-motion, stretching, eccentric strengthening, and handgrip strengthening exercises. The TECAR group will additionally receive active TECAR therapy, while the control group will receive sham TECAR treatment using the same device and treatment protocol without therapeutic energy delivery. Outcome assessments will be performed by a blinded evaluator at baseline, immediately after treatment, and at 1- and 2-month follow-up visits. The study aims to determine whether TECAR therapy provides additional benefits in pain relief, functional improvement, and clinical outcomes when combined with exercise therapy in patients with lateral epicondylitis.

This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the predictive value of the combined use of the rapid shallow breathing index, train-of-four ratio, and bispectral index for extubation success after general anesthesia. Adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia and planned for extubation in the operating room will be included. Before extubation, RSBI, TOF ratio, BIS value, respiratory parameters, and relevant perioperative data will be recorded. The decision to extubate will be made by the attending anesthesiologist according to routine clinical practice and will not be altered by the study protocol. Patients will be followed for 30 minutes after extubation to assess extubation success or the development of complications such as desaturation, laryngospasm, need for airway intervention, mask ventilation, or reintubation. The primary aim is to determine whether the combined RSBI, TOF, and BIS model predicts extubation success more accurately than each parameter alone.

This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the agreement between artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted target point identification and experienced anesthesiologists during ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block. Ultrasound guidance is widely used in regional anesthesia to improve block success and safety. However, accurate identification of anatomical structures and optimal injection points remains operator-dependent. Artificial intelligence-based systems have the potential to assist clinicians by identifying anatomical landmarks in real time. In this study, AI-generated target points will be compared with those determined by experienced anesthesiologists. The level of agreement between the two methods will be analyzed. Secondary outcomes will include block performance parameters and image quality. The findings of this study may contribute to understanding the clinical utility of AI in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia.

Median sternotomy is commonly used in cardiac surgery and is often associated with significant postoperative pain. Poor pain control after sternotomy may increase opioid use, delay mobilization, prolong extubation time, and contribute to respiratory complications and longer hospital stay. Regional analgesia techniques may help improve pain management and reduce opioid requirements after surgery. This study is a prospective, randomized, single-center clinical trial that will compare two ultrasound-guided regional analgesia techniques in adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery through median sternotomy: thoracic paravertebral block and bilateral deep parasternal intercostal plane block. A total of 80 patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive one of these two blocks in addition to standard general anesthesia and routine multimodal analgesia. The main objective of the study is to compare the effects of these two techniques on total opioid consumption during the first 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes include postoperative pain scores, need for additional analgesics, analgesia-related side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or respiratory depression, and extubation time. Pain will be assessed using a visual analog scale at predefined time points during the first 24 postoperative hours. The study hypothesis is that there will be a clinically meaningful difference in postoperative analgesic effectiveness between thoracic paravertebral block and bilateral deep parasternal intercostal plane block in patients undergoing cardiac surgery via median sternotomy. The results of this study may help guide the selection of the most appropriate regional analgesia technique for pain control after sternotomy.

Median sternotomy is commonly used in cardiac surgery and is associated with significant intraoperative and postoperative pain, often requiring substantial opioid administration. High opioid use during cardiac surgery may contribute to adverse effects such as respiratory depression, delayed extubation, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and prolonged intensive care unit stay. Therefore, effective opioid-sparing strategies are an important component of modern perioperative care. The deep parasternal intercostal plane (DPIP) block is a regional anesthesia technique that targets the anterior cutaneous branches of the intercostal nerves, which are responsible for transmitting pain from the sternum and adjacent tissues. When performed under ultrasound guidance, this block allows precise local anesthetic deposition while minimizing the risk of pleural or vascular injury. The purpose of this randomized controlled study is to evaluate whether a preoperative ultrasound-guided DPIP block reduces intraoperative opioid consumption in adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery via median sternotomy. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive either a bilateral DPIP block in addition to standard general anesthesia or standard general anesthesia alone. The primary outcome of the study is total intraoperative opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes include time to extubation, postoperative opioid consumption within the first 24 hours, postoperative pain scores, and the incidence of opioid-related adverse effects. The results of this study may help define the role of the DPIP block as part of a multimodal, opioid-sparing analgesic strategy in cardiac surgery.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a serious pregnancy complication in which the placenta grows abnormally into the uterine wall. This condition is associated with a high risk of severe bleeding, need for blood transfusion, hysterectomy, and maternal complications during cesarean delivery. This study aims to compare spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia in pregnant women diagnosed with placenta accreta spectrum who underwent cesarean delivery. The researchers reviewed existing medical records to evaluate differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes between the two anesthesia approaches. The primary outcomes include changes in hemoglobin levels before and after surgery, the need for uterotonic medications during and after the operation, and newborn Apgar scores. Because this is a retrospective observational study, no new treatments were given, and all data were collected from routine clinical care records. The findings are expected to help guide anesthetic decision-making in PAS cases, improve maternal and neonatal safety, and contribute to the international scientific literature on this topic.