Clinical trials

A randomized controlled trial will be conducted to get the expected outcomes. Patients of both gender groups with unilateral shoulder pain will be selected with age range 40-60 years from Sehat medical complex and randomly allocated into four groups (Group A, B, C and D) of two different trials (Trial I and Trial II). The sample size will be 120 patients for both trials. Musculoskeletal ultrasound, goniometry, pain pressure threshold, dynamometer and functional indices will be used to measure the tendon thickness, range of motion, pain, muscle strength and function level. The group A will get BFRT, Group B will get ESWT, group c will get the combination of both and group D will be the Control group (Routine physical therapy). In Trial II the group A will get BFRT, Group B will get Eccentric Training, Group C will get combination of both A \& B and group D will be control group. data will be collected at baseline, 4th week, 8th week and 12 week of interventions. For data analysis SPSS version 25 will be used. Repeated measures ANOVA will be applied to compare the quantitative data within and between the groups. Post-Hoc test Tukey and Bonferroni correction will be used. The level of significance will be set at 5% (P\<0.05).

Cricket is transformed over the years and dynamic of batting has changed. Gone are the days, when batters used to play the game with defensive mindset. Maintaining higher striker rate and arsenal of power hitting is the epitome of stroke play in limited overs cricket.This study will compare the effects of the nerve gliding exercises and conventional grip strength exercises on handgrip strength, range of motion and performance of cricket batters. It will be a randomized clinical trial where non-probability convenience sampling will be used to recruit participants aged 18 to 35 years from various cricket academies in Lahore.

The distance between the acromion bone and the head of the humerus narrows in subacromial impingement syndrome. This narrowing leads to the compression of sensitive structures and results in pain and decreased functional performance.While taping and scapular stabilizing exercises are commonly used in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome, no comparisons were conducted previously between their effectiveness. This randomized clinical trial will be conducted at Punjab Sports Board, Lahore.This study will include patients with age group ≥18 years; pain located on the anterolateral side of the shoulder for ≥3 months with positive clinical signs. Group A will receive Kinesiotaping protocol and Group B will receive Scapular Stabilization exercises protocol.

The objective of this study will be to compare the effects of isolated and integrated core stability training on power, balance and performance in fast bowlers.

Cricket is one of the most popular team sports in the world. Bowling action is an extremely skilled activity that has been developed over many years of practice. Physiological variables and an imbalance between the agonist and antagonist muscle groups are important risk factors for development in high skill bowlers. Exercises known as plyometric training use explosive motions to build muscle mass and improve aspects of physical fitness. Ballistic six plyometric exercises have been shown to improve performance in medium-paced cricket bowlers by increasing bowling velocity.This randomized controlled trial will be conducted in Pakistan Sports Board Lahore. This study will be completed in 10 months after the approval of synopsis. Non-probability convenient sampling technique will be used. Inclusion criteria will include female fast bowlers with age group between19 to 27years who are active team members of their respective leagues without the presence of injuries and whose composite score will be greater than 75 on star excursion balance scale will be included. Any participant post-elbow or shoulder surgery within one year of the study's pre-test or presenting with a history of elbow or shoulder injury or pain within one year of the study's pre-test will be excluded. The study will be conducted in two groups. Group A (14 players) will receive 8 weeks of upper and lower body plyometric exercises protocol. The session will last for 60 minutes and 3 times per week.10-15 mints warm up before plyometric exercises and 1-minute rest period is there between each exercise and each repetition and 3-5 minute for each set. Group B (14 players) will receive their standard exercise protocol. The session will last for 60 minutes and 3 times per week. Vertical jump test for lower extremity strength, 3-Hop test for lower extremity power and Star excursion balance test for dynamic balance is performed at the start of exercise protocol and in the end. After data collection data will be analyzed using statistical package for social sciences SPSS version 21.