Clinical trials

This prospective randomized controlled study aims to compare the effects of interscalene block, infraspinatus-teres minor interfascial plane block, and a control group on postoperative analgesia and diaphragmatic function in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy. A total of 120 patients will be enrolled and allocated into three groups. Postoperative pain scores, opioid consumption, rescue analgesic requirements, and diaphragmatic function will be evaluated and compared among the groups. The study seeks to determine whether the infraspinatus-teres minor interfascial plane block can provide effective postoperative analgesia with less impact on diaphragmatic function compared with interscalene block.

Hypospadias surgery in pediatric patients requires effective postoperative analgesia to ensure patient comfort and reduce perioperative stress. Caudal epidural block is widely used for analgesia in pediatric urological procedures; however, alternative regional techniques such as the sacral erector spinae plane (ESP) block have recently gained attention. This prospective comparative study aims to compare the analgesic efficacy of sacral ESP block and caudal epidural block in pediatric patients undergoing hypospadias surgery. Participants will be allocated to receive either sacral ESP block or caudal epidural block according to the study protocol. The primary outcome will be postoperative pain scores within the first 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes will include total analgesic consumption, time to first rescue analgesia, and block-related complications.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an online video-based developmental support program for parents of children aged 1-3 years receiving care at a Family Health Center. Approximately 60 parents will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group, which will receive a four-week online developmental support program, or a control group, which will continue to receive usual healthcare services. Data will be collected at baseline, two weeks after the intervention, and at one- and three-month follow-up assessments. The study will examine the effects of the online video-based developmental support program on parents' attitudes toward child development, developmental awareness, parenting self-efficacy, and the quality of the home environment that supports child development.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of AI-supported internal medicine nursing case analysis on students' case management performance, learning outcomes, learning experience, clinical self-efficacy, and cognitive load levels. This study will be conducted using a single-blind randomized controlled trial design for the quantitative research and an individual interview design for the qualitative research. Students will be randomly assigned to either the intervention (artificial intelligence) or control (case analysis) group.

This study will evaluate whether pre-emptive local anesthesia reduces sevoflurane consumption during pediatric day-case dental treatment performed under general anesthesia. Children aged 4 to 12 years scheduled for elective dental treatment under general anesthesia will be included. Participants will be assigned to either receive pre-emptive local anesthesia before the dental procedure or receive no pre-emptive local anesthesia. General anesthesia will be standardized using sevoflurane, low fresh gas flow, endotracheal intubation, and bispectral index monitoring. The main outcome will be sevoflurane consumption expressed as mL/kg/hour. Secondary outcomes will include anesthetic agent uptake, time from sevoflurane discontinuation to extubation, and estimated carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions. The aim is to determine whether pre-emptive local anesthesia can reduce volatile anesthetic requirement and improve early recovery while maintaining adequate anesthetic depth in children undergoing dental general anesthesia.

The relationship between different root canal irrigation techniques and pain after root canal treatment

To evaluate the effectiveness of Adductor Canal Block and combined Adductor Canal plus IPACK block in reducing postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in patients undergoing knee surgery.

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of stress ball use and breathing exercises on procedural pain and vital signs during drain removal in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Although drain removal is a short procedure, it is often associated with sudden and intense pain and may trigger physiological stress responses such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. A total of 105 patients will be randomly assigned to three groups: stress ball group, breathing exercise group, and standard care group. The interventions will be applied starting one minute before drain removal, continuing throughout the procedure, and for two minutes afterward. Pain levels will be assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) will be measured at predefined time points before, during, and after the procedure. The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence on the effectiveness of simple, non-pharmacological interventions in reducing procedural pain and improving physiological stability during drain removal

Preoperative evaluation of stomach fullness with ultrasound in children who will undergo anesthesia outside the operating room

This study aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative fasting duration on postoperative pain and emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing urogenital surgery.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a Mediterranean diet can improve gut microbiota, disease activity, and nutrition in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The study will include children with SLE and healthy family members living in the same home. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does a Mediterranean diet improve gut microbiota in children with SLE? Does the diet help reduce disease activity? Does the diet improve overall nutrition? Researchers will compare children with SLE to healthy family members to better understand how diet, gut microbiota, and health are related. Participants will: Give stool samples at the beginning and end of the study to analyze gut microbiota. Have body measurements taken. Record what they eat for 3 days (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day). Answer questions about their diet, physical activity, sleep, and health. Children with SLE in the intervention group will receive nutrition counseling based on the Mediterranean diet for 12 weeks. The counseling will focus on increasing foods rich in polyphenols and reducing processed foods to improve overall diet quality. They will also receive advice on physical activity. At the end of the study, some participants will join a group discussion to share their experiences.

This study was planned to determine the effect of virtual reality glasses on anxiety, fear, and physiological parameters in cancer patients aged 4-10 years undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy. The main questions that the study aimed to answer are as follows: * Could virtual reality glasses affect the fear experienced by children undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy? * Could virtual reality glasses affect the anxiety experienced by children undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy? * Does virtual reality goggles have an effect on the physiological parameters of children undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy? Researchers will compare the effects of virtual reality glasses on fear, anxiety, and physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) in children with cancer undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy to a control group that will not receive any intervention. Cancer patients participating in the study will be given virtual reality glasses before intrathecal chemotherapy treatment.

This prospective randomized clinical study will investigate the association between MMP-2 and MMP-3 gene polymorphisms and radiographic healing outcomes following nonsurgical root canal treatment in patients with chronic apical periodontitis. A total of 50 patients will undergo standardized endodontic treatment and will be followed for 12 months. Genotyping will be performed using baseline DNA samples, and periapical healing will be assessed using the Periapical Index (PAI). The relationship between genetic variations and treatment outcomes will be analyzed to determine whether host-related genetic factors influence healing patterns after root canal therapy.

This prospective observational study investigates the predictive value of anthropometric and hemodynamic indices for spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension (SAIH) during cesarean section. While spinal anesthesia is preferred for its rapid onset, SAIH remains a frequent complication risking maternal and fetal safety. The study enrolled parturients at Erciyes University, excluding those with hypertension or extreme weight/height. Preoperative measurements included BMI, waist circumference (WC), body roundness index (BRI), and modified shock index (MSI). Following standardized spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine (Harten's dosage), hemodynamic parameters and sensory block levels were monitored. This research aims to determine whether BRI and WC offer superior predictive utility compared with conventional markers such as BMI and MSI to enhance individualized risk assessment in obstetric anesthesia.

This prospective randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effects of different anesthesia protocols on anesthetic success and intraoperative pain during root canal treatment of mandibular premolars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. A total of 100 systemically healthy patients were randomly allocated into four groups: infiltration anesthesia alone, inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) alone, infiltration anesthesia combined with cryotherapy, and IANB combined with cryotherapy. Cryotherapy was applied intraorally for 5 minutes immediately after anesthetic administration. The effectiveness of anesthesia was confirmed using electric pulp testing and cold testing prior to treatment. Root canal therapy was completed in a single visit by a calibrated operator. Intraoperative pain was assessed during access cavity preparation using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Anesthetic success was defined as the presence of no or mild pain, whereas moderate or severe pain indicated anesthetic failure and required supplemental anesthesia. The primary objective of the study was to determine whether the adjunctive use of cryotherapy improves anesthetic success and reduces intraoperative pain in mandibular premolars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The null hypothesis was that no significant differences would be observed among the study groups in terms of anesthetic success or intraoperative pain intensity.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common cardiovascular condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. CAD represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among individuals aged 40 and older, affecting millions of men and women worldwide. Patients with CAD experience not only physical symptoms but also psychological challenges, including stress and anxiety, which can negatively impact quality of life. In recent years, mindfulness-based interventions have emerged as scientifically supported approaches to help individuals with chronic diseases manage stress and enhance emotional regulation skills. While the existing literature includes studies evaluating the effects of mindfulness-based interventions in CAD and other cardiovascular conditions, most investigations address mixed patient populations and do not thoroughly examine sex-specific differences. Notably, women with CAD may experience symptoms and psychological effects differently than men. Therefore, there is a need for tailored, comprehensive intervention models that address the multidimensional needs of female patients, including stress management, anxiety reduction, and empowerment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in women with CAD, providing a targeted approach that addresses both clinical and psychosocial outcomes. The findings are expected to offer valuable insights into improving quality of life and enhancing coping strategies for women living with chronic cardiovascular disease.

Anesthesia for cesarean delivery can be provided through general or neuraxial anesthesia (spinal or epidural). Hypotension is a common complication of both methods. Hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia can cause dizziness, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and confusion in the mother, while also decreasing blood flow to the baby, leading to hypoxia and fetal acidosis. Untreated persistent hypotension poses a life-threatening risk to both mother and baby. In recent years, ultrasonography has become widely used to assess volume status. Carotid artery corrected flow time (FTc) is primarily affected by left ventricular preload and is related to myocardial contractility and afterload. Therefore, it can predict intraoperative hypotension. Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a relatively common complication after neuraxial blocks. PDPH is generally defined as an orthostatic headache caused by low cerebrospinal fluid pressure accompanied by neck pain, tinnitus, hearing changes, photophobia, and/or nausea. Risk factors include female gender, young age, pregnancy, a previous history of PDPH, low CSF pressure, and low BMI. This study will be conducted on pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia in the cesarean operating room at Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine Hospital. The correlation between preoperative carotid artery FTc levels in pregnant women and the incidence of intraoperative hypotension and postoperative PDPH will be investigated, as will whether FTc levels are a significant predictor of the likelihood of developing intraoperative hypotension and postoperative PDPH. Carotid artery FTc will be measured 1 hour before surgery, and baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO2), and heart rate will be recorded in the operating room. Values will be recorded at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 15, and 30 minutes after spinal anesthesia. Patients will be assessed postoperatively for postdural puncture headache using a numerical rating scale (NRS) on days 2, 3, and 7. This study is expected to demonstrate the ability of preoperative FTc to predict hypotension and PDPH, to determine the threshold value for predicting hypotension and PDPH, and to improve or modify the anesthesia method in patients with predicted hypotension and PDPH.

Cold vapor application is considered a promising intervention with the potential to alleviate side effects associated with anesthesia and surgery in the postoperative period. This study aims to determine the effect of cold vapor inhalation on dyspnea, thirst, nausea, and physiological parameters following laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery. Hypotheses (H1); H1a: Patients administered cold vapor will report lower dyspnea severity compared to the control group. H1b: Patients administered cold vapor will report lower thirst levels compared to the control group. H1c: Patients administered cold vapor will report lower nausea severity compared to the control group. H1d: Patients administered cold vapor will show significant differences in physiological parameters compared to the control group.

The study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study to investigate the effects of a web-based educational program given to adolescents with diabetes mellitus and their mothers on eating habits, metabolic control, and self-management. The prevalence of Type 1 diabetes is increasing worldwide and is reported to be the third most common chronic disease in childhood (Lowes et al., 2015). It is generally accepted that effective management of diabetes requires education for both the patient and the family regarding management components such as blood glucose monitoring, insulin replacement, diet, exercise, and problem-solving strategies (Couch et al., 2008). Since diabetes management requires lifestyle changes, many health professionals recommend providing education to the whole family (Shiel et al., 2023). Adolescence is a period of developing autonomy and often means reduced parental involvement; however, an adolescent with Type 1 diabetes is also coping with a serious, life-threatening disease (Polfuss et al., 2015). Increased self-care responsibilities during adolescence create additional complex challenges for the management and treatment of diabetes. Websites providing information about diabetes to adolescents offer problem-solving opportunities and an interactive environment for sharing experiences. The study population will consist of adolescents and their mothers followed at the Pediatric Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of Erciyes University Mustafa Eraslan and Fevzi Mercan Children's Hospital. In the first phase of the study, the Descriptive Characteristics and Eating Disorder Behavior Scale (DESPR) will be administered to adolescents and their mothers to identify adolescents with eating disorder behaviors. The sample was determined as 272 adolescents using the G Power program with a margin of error of d=0.2, a margin of error of 0.05, and a 95% confidence interval. For the second phase of the study, adolescents with a DESPR score of 20 or higher will be divided into three groups: Intervention I (Adolescents Only), Intervention II (Adolescents and Mothers), and Control Group (Clinical Practice Routine). The sample size was calculated using the G Power program with a margin of error of d=0.4, a margin of error of 0.05, and an 85% confidence interval, resulting in a total of 72 individuals, with 24 individuals in each group. The groups into which individuals will be placed will be determined using the block randomization method applied on the www.randomizer.org website. Training Implementation: Training will be given to two groups: Web-Based Intervention Group I (Adolescents) and Intervention Group II (Adolescents and Mothers). An initial introductory meeting will be held, and training on how to use the web program will be given in a single 40-minute session. Website Preparation: The website will be structured using WordPress, a web-based software development tool that supports most web browsers. Website content will be evaluated using the DISCERN Measurement Tool by a faculty member from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, three faculty members from the Faculty of Nursing, three Diabetes Education Nurses, and a faculty member from the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics. The researcher will introduce the website to adolescents by explaining its name and how to use it. Individuals in the intervention group will also be given usernames and passwords to access the site. New topics, blog posts, and quizzes related to the topic will be added to the site each week, and a reminder message will be sent to individuals in the intervention group when a new topic is added. The website will include an interface where members can log in to their own pages, enter blood glucose measurements, access training modules, exchange messages, and perform administrative tasks (user lists, monitoring all measurements, and tracking training results). The "Contact" page on the website will allow users to send messages to site administrators. Six menus are planned for the website: "Home", "Our Team", "Blog", "Training", "Surveys", and "Contact". Blog Menu: This will be a space where members can chat with each other and share their experiences. The aim is to encourage members to comment on topics determined by the site administrator and share their experiences. After using the website, everyone will be given the opportunity to comment on the materials provided. Educational materials cover topics such as Type 1 diabetes, nutrition for young people with diabetes, carbohydrate counting, acute complications such as hypoglycemia, long-term complications, physical exercise in diabetes, diabetes treatment, insulin, and continuous glucose monitoring.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) and Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP), performed for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), on the following parameters: urinary continence, development of urethral or bladder neck stricture, and sexual function, including erectile function, ejaculation, and libido.

This prospective clinical study aims to evaluate preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics of patients undergoing retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for urinary stone disease. A total of approximately 250 patients will be assessed to identify clinical, laboratory, and operative factors associated with postoperative fever and sepsis. By systematically collecting and analyzing perioperative data, the study seeks to determine independent predictors that may support improved risk stratification and patient safety in endourological practice.

The aim of this clinical trial is to learn about the effect of aromatherapy foot massage on neuropathic pain in patients with Type 2 diabetes. In addition, while determining the effect of aromatherapy foot massage on neuropathic pain; it was also aimed to find the source of the reduction in pain. The main questions he aimed to answer are as follows: Does aromatherapy foot massage have an effect on neuropathic pain in patients with type 2 diabetes? Does foot massage have an effect on neuropathic pain in patients with type 2 diabetes? The researchers will compare an oil without aromatherapy oil with a placebo group to see if aromatherapy foot massage reduces neuropathic pain. Participants: Participants will perform the massage treatment three times a week for 4 weeks. Participants will perform foot massage for 10 minutes, 5 minutes on each foot. Participants will be evaluated by calling once a week for 4 weeks.

This multicenter, prospective, real-world study evaluates how two commonly used oral disease-modifying therapies-teriflunomide and dimethyl fumarate-affect physical and cognitive fatigability in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). Fatigability refers to an objective decline in physical or cognitive performance during sustained activity and represents a major barrier to daily functioning for many individuals with MS. Participants starting either teriflunomide or dimethyl fumarate as part of routine clinical care will be followed for 12 months at regular visits (baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months). At each visit, standardized assessments will measure walking endurance, gait performance, hand function, and information-processing speed. Patient-reported outcomes about fatigue, mood, quality of life, and daily functioning will also be collected. Brain MRI scans performed as part of usual care will be reviewed to document disease activity. The goal of the ROOF-MS study is to understand whether these two therapies differ in their impact on physical and cognitive fatigability, functional outcomes, symptom burden, and real-world treatment adherence. Because this is an observational study, no experimental treatments are given, and all clinical decisions remain the responsibility of the treating physicians. By examining fatigability in everyday clinical settings, this study aims to generate evidence that can help patients, families, and health care providers make more informed treatment decisions.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of hot compress application to the intestines during abdominal surgery on postoperative nausea-vomiting and bowel function. Volunteers will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. Initially, 30 patients will be included in each group, and the study will be completed based on the effect size determined by power analysis. Hypotheses: H0: Covering the intestines with saline heated at 36°C during surgery has no effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting. H1: Covering the intestines with saline heated at 36°C during surgery affects postoperative nausea and vomiting. H01: Covering the intestines with saline heated at 36°C during surgery has no effect on postoperative bowel function. H11: Covering the intestines with saline heated at 36°C during surgery affects postoperative bowel function. Inclusion Criteria: Undergoing abdominal surgery in the general surgery ward, Aged 18 years or older, Having a BMI between 18.50-24.99 kg/m², Able to communicate verbally, Willing to participate in the study, Conscious and oriented patients. Exclusion Criteria: History of previous gastrointestinal surgery, Postoperative complications, History of small bowel resection, ileostomy, or colostomy, History of emergency surgery, neoadjuvant therapy, appendectomy, or inflammatory bowel disease, Chronic opioid use, Chronic constipation (≤ 2 bowel movements per week), History of abdominal radiotherapy, Admission to the intensive care unit or postoperative bleeding. Application: Intervention Group: Routine preoperative procedures will be performed. During surgery, the intestines will be covered with sterile gauze soaked in saline heated at 36°C to prevent drying and reduce the risk of infection. Routine postoperative procedures will also be applied. Control Group: Routine preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedures will be applied. During surgery, the intestines will be covered with sterile gauze soaked in unheated saline, following standard practice. Outcome Measures: Primary Outcome: Gastrointestinal function assessment index, including time to first flatulence, first defecation, first normal bowel sounds, and first consumption of liquid/semi-solid food. Secondary Outcome: Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, abdominal bloating, pain, and vomiting.

This randomized controlled experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Key to Emotional Balance (KBA) psychoeducational program, based on the Balance Model of Positive Psychotherapy (PPT), on indicators of emotion regulation difficulties, recovery, and purpose in life in adults with bipolar disorder. Intervention and control groups (n=37 each; total n=74) will be formed through simple random assignment. The intervention will consist of eight individual sessions, each lasting 40-50 minutes. Data will be collected using the Difficulty in Emotion Regulation, Recovery Assessment Scale, and the Life Goals Scale in the Context of PPT. Measurements will be conducted as a pretest and posttest.