Chronic Kidney Disease and Metabolic Disorders in the Elderly

The goal of this observational study is to investigate the impact of metabolic comorbidities on outcomes in elderly Chinese adults, through two parallel sub-cohorts: one comprising elderly individuals without chronic kidney disease (CKD) at baseline, and one comprising elderly patients with established CKD.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

Do metabolic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, calcium-phosphorus disorders) increase the risk of incident CKD, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and all-cause mortality in elderly individuals without CKD at baseline? What are the optimal diagnostic thresholds and criteria for CKD in the elderly population? How do metabolic comorbidities affect long-term outcomes - including all-cause mortality, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and cardiovascular events - in elderly patients with established CKD? What is the comorbidity profile and disease burden of elderly CKD patients in China?

Participants in both sub-cohorts will:

Undergo baseline assessments including laboratory tests and clinical evaluations.

Provide longitudinal follow-up data through scheduled clinic visits and medical record linkage.

Contribute to a large-scale cohort of 100,000 elderly participants across multiple centers in China.