Clinical ,Microbiological and Compliance Outcomes of AI-based Toothbrushes in Plaque Induced Gingivitis

Severe periodontitis is widespread and begins with reversible gingivitis, driven by poor oral hygiene and a dysbiotic microbiome. Daily toothbrushing is the simplest prevention, but patients still leave plaque. Electric brushes remove more plaque and reduce gingivitis better than manual ones, and users show better periodontal status. App-connected smart brushes and apps aim to improve adherence. Trials increased plaque reduction and brushing time versus manual brushing, but app layers have not clearly beaten standard power brushes, and microbiological outcomes are rarely reported. Xiaomi's AI-based sonic T501 adds pressure sensing, personalised coaching and coverage tracking, whereas the T302 is a simpler non-connected sonic brush. Streptococcus sanguinis is a health-associated early coloniser; its qPCR-measured relative abundance marks a healthy supragingival profile. It is still unclear whether AI guidance adds extra benefit beyond a standard electric brush in adult gingivitis.