Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Salivary Biomarkers in Smokers and Non-Smokers With Periodontitis

This study evaluates the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on salivary biomarkers (Dkk-1, Sclerostin, and PLAP-1) and clinical periodontal parameters in patients with periodontitis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys tooth-supporting tissues. Smoking is a significant risk factor that worsens periodontal destruction and reduces the effectiveness of standard therapies.

* The trial is a non-randomized comparative clinical study. * It includes 44 adult patients diagnosed with Stage II and III periodontitis. * The participants are divided into two equal groups: 22 current smokers and 22 non-smokers. * Participants will undergo a baseline examination, followed by standardized non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of scaling and root planing. * A follow-up visit will be conducted six weeks post-therapy to repeat clinical measurements and saliva collection. * The primary objective is to evaluate changes in salivary biomarker levels and clinical parameters (Plaque Index, Gingival Index, bleeding on probing, Probing Pocket Depth, Clinical Attachment Level) after treatment.