Cancer Diagnosis

The purpose of this study is to characterize the breadth of molecular features present in participants receiving care within a large, integrated, community-based healthcare system. Through comprehensive genomic profiling, investigators aim to identify the underlying genomic drivers of premalignant and malignant conditions across a range of disease stages and cancer types. Comprehensive molecular profiling will include somatic tumor testing (tissue and/or blood) using next-generation sequencing. Selected subsets of samples may undergo whole exome and/or whole transcriptome sequencing for research purposes. Pharmacogenomic testing will also be performed to better understand individual variability in medication response and to identify opportunities for optimizing treatment. In addition, participants may optionally provide microbiome samples. To maximize the value of the genomic data, participants who consent to this protocol will have their electronic health records-both retrospective and prospective-abstracted, curated, annotated, and linked to the genomic data generated through study testing. Given the long-term value of these data, participants may also voluntarily consent to the storage of their biological samples in a biobank and to the use of their de-identified information for future research. Data collected from this participant population will support efforts to advance the understanding of cancer biology, as well as the discovery and validation of biomarkers associated with clinical outcomes. Findings may also be shared through collaborative research initiatives to further promote advancements in cancer research.

The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the possible benefits of an investigational, but commercially available Galleri multi-cancer early detection (MCED) blood test which is designed to detect many types of cancer early in veterans who have served in the military in active duty. The name of the screening blood test being studied is: -GRAIL Galleri MCED test

The target population includes cancer patients, caregivers, family members, healthcare providers and mental health specialists, who will be the primary end-users of the Althea platform. For patients, survivors, caregivers, and family members, the sample variables include age, gender, type and stage of disease, and time since the first diagnosis. The healthcare professionals that will be involved in this study are those who attend to oncological patients, with sample variables such as age, gender, professional role, and prior experience and training in oncology or psycho-oncology.

The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the possible benefits of screening with an investigational, but commercially available blood test designed to detect many types of cancer. The name of the screening blood test being studied is: -GRAIL Galleri MCED test

Decentralized, randomized hybrid type 2 (effectiveness/implementation) controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of three different digital aid modalities programs in reducing the perceived burden of CRF in cancer patients while also gathering data on the implementation strategy.

The goal of this observational study is to explore whether a Raman-based, deep learning-assisted approach can be used to develop an effective method for early pan-cancer screening. The study includes healthy individuals, patients at risk of cancer, and patients with diagnosed cancers. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Evaluating the deep-learning model's accuracy and specificity in identifying cancer-specific features in Raman spectral data and determining whether this method can accurately classify patients based on risk. * Identifying which model is more adaptable to the Raman spectrum * Providing an interpretable analysis of the model-generated diagnosis Participants are already being diagnosed and follow-up to determine the type of cancer.

The MICaDO study is a multi-method study that aims to investigate inclusive cancer diagnosis in people with disabilities and health outcomes. The main objective is to examine variations in cancer diagnosis and outcomes among individuals with psychiatric, intellectual, neurological, and sensory disabilities to develop interventions aimed at improving cancer care. The hypothesis that investigators will investigate is that people with disability are diagnosed with cancer later than people without disability due to a range of barriers, including physical, sensory, cognitive, and social barriers. The study will use a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative research (electronic health record analysis) and qualitative research (interviews). The total duration of the study is two years.

Positron emission tomography with 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the conventional imaging technique to provide information regarding tissue glucose uptake and has been highly clinically successful. However, it cannot assess downstream metabolism, which may be useful in the diagnosis and assessment of treatment response in a variety of diseases. Patients will also be exposed to ionizing radiation, the amount of exposure can vary depending on the dose of tracer administered, frequency of scans and duration of each scan. Carbon-13 (13C) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is particularly attractive for metabolic imaging because carbon serves as the backbone of nearly all organic molecules in the body. With this technique, the polarization increases to approximately 30%-40%, an increase of over 10,000 to 100,000-fold, thereby dramatically increasing the MRI signal . Whilst the role of 13C imaging has been demonstrated in many sites around the world, we aim to demonstrate the feasibility and application of 13C hyperpolarized imaging in healthy Singapore residents and patients with cardiovascular and/or cardiometabolic diseases.