Coronary Angiography

While the reduced hemorrhagic risk of radial access for percutaneous coronary intervention compared to femoral access is well-established, its main complication remains radial artery occlusion, which can occur in up to 30% of patients. Anticoagulation is the primary preventive measure recommended in clinical practice to reduce the risk of this complication, typically involving heparin injection during the procedure in most centers. However, data on the effect of the timing of heparin injection are limited. The investigators hypothesize that injection of heparin before sheath insertion may reduce the rate of radial artery occlusion compared with injection after sheath insertion.

Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is increasingly used for ischemic heart disease diagnosis. The rising number of CCTA tests has led to a significant increase in the number of finding unexpected incidental extracardiac diseases.

This is a prospective, double-blind, sham-controlled, multicenter, randomized clinical trial is to study the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on contrast-associated acute kidney injury, functional capacity, and major adverse kidney events in in patients with congestive heart failure undergoing cardiac catheterization and/or percutaneous coronary intervention.

This study was planned to examine the effects of progressive relaxation exercise on anxiety, comfort, pain and physiological parameters in patients undergoing coronary angiography. The data of the study will be collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire Form, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Perianesthesia Comfort Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Vital Signs Follow-up Form, Complication Follow-up Form and Progressive Relaxation Exercise Application Guidelines.