Endodontically Treated Teeth

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the clinical performance of Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-milled and 3D-printed composite resin partial-coverage restorations in endodontically treated molars. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do 3D-printed composite resin partial-coverage restorations show similar clinical performance compared with CAD/CAM-milled composite resin restorations? * Are there differences in survival, success rates, and complications between the two types of restorations over a 3-year follow-up period? Researchers will compare CAD/CAM-milled composite resin restorations with 3D-printed composite resin restorations to evaluate their clinical performance. Participants will: * Receive a partial-coverage restoration (onlay or overlay) in an endodontically treated molar. * Be randomly assigned to receive either a CAD/CAM-milled or a 3D-printed composite resin restoration. * Attend follow-up visits at 12, 24, and 36 months. * Undergo clinical evaluations by two blinded evaluators using the revised FDI criteria and standardized photographic documentation.

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) compares the 24-month clinical performance of endocrown restorations fabricated by two digital manufacturing pathways: additive manufacturing using 3D-printed ceramic-filled photopolymer resin (VarseoSmile TriniQ, BEGO) versus subtractive computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milling from hybrid nano-ceramic blocks (HC Hard Block, Shofu). Sixty endocrowns will be placed in endodontically treated posterior molars and evaluated using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria at 6, 12, and 24 months. The trial is conducted at the Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University.

Understanding the changes in bite force and occlusal force distribution in ETT is clinically important, as it can directly influence tooth prognosis, guide restorative treatment planning, and impact the long-term survival of the treated tooth. Therefore, this study aims to further explore changes and possible correlation in maximum bite force (MBF), occlusal force distribution and patients' subjective perception of chewing function of endodontically treated teeth after non-surgical root canal treatment, subsequent restoration, and during long-term follow-up, along with comparing to contralateral vital teeth. Methods: Patients aged 20-60 years who underwent non-surgical root canal treatment at the Graduate Endodontic Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, with the following teeth indicated for endodontic treatment. Measurements of maximum bite force (MBF) of ETT and contralateral vital teeth, relative occlusal force (ROF), and questionnaire responses, are performed at the following time points: before NS-RCT, 1 month after completion of NS-RCT (before doing restoration), 3 months after crown restoration, 1, 2 and 4 years after completion of NS-RCT. Differences in MBF and ROF over time points within subjects and differences in MBF and ROF between ETT and their contralateral vital teeth were statistically analyzed.

This randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate the clinical performance of a 3D-printed hybrid resin (VarseoSmile TriniQ) used for indirect restorations in endodontically treated teeth, compared with a CAD/CAM composite block (Cerasmart). In addition, two different luting protocols will be compared: a preheated microhybrid composite (Enamel Plus HRi) and a resin cement (RelyX Universal). Sixty patients requiring restoration of an endodontically treated molar with an indirect adhesive overlay will be recruited at the University Dental Clinic of the Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (Barcelona, Spain). Participants will be randomly assigned to receive restorations fabricated either using the printed hybrid resin or the CAD/CAM composite material. Each material group will be further divided according to the cementation technique used. All restorations will be fabricated following a digital workflow that includes intraoral scanning, CAD design, and either additive manufacturing (3D printing) or subtractive milling. Adhesive luting procedures will be performed according to standardized clinical protocols. Clinical evaluations will be performed at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months, and annually thereafter. The clinical performance of the restorations will be assessed using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria, including parameters such as marginal adaptation, contact points, color stability, wear, fracture occurrence, secondary caries, and patient comfort. The results of this study will provide clinical evidence regarding the behavior of 3D-printed hybrid resin restorations and their potential use as an alternative to conventional CAD/CAM composite materials for indirect restorations in endodontically treated teeth.

Additive manufacturing, also referred to as "3D printing" or "rapid prototyping," is defined as the process of joining materials layer by layer to create an object based on 3D model data. In this method, a digital data set is first created on a computer (computer-aided design, CAD) and then transferred to a 3D printer. The designed object is produced by printing it in successive layers. In contrast, in subtractive manufacturing, restorations are produced by milling homogeneous blocks based on computer-designed models. Compared to subtractive manufacturing technology, additive manufacturing allows for the production of more complex, detailed, and larger structures with much less material waste and without excessive use of force. It is thought that additive manufacturing has the potential to overcome the disadvantages of subtractive manufacturing. Over the past decade, global sales of industrial and personal 3D printers, materials, and services have increased by more than 33% annually. Due to its success in the production of surgical guides, temporary and permanent restorations, crowns and bridges, occlusal splints, frameworks, and orthodontic appliances, this technology has attracted significant interest in the field of dentistry. Although additive manufacturing has started to be used as an alternative to subtractive manufacturing in many applications, there is still a lack of information regarding the chemical composition, mechanical, and physical properties of printable resins. Moreover, clinical data on the use of these resins in permanent restorations are quite limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to clinically evaluate and monitor for one year the performance of onlay restorations fabricated with three different resins of varying compositions in endodontically treated teeth.

Endocrowns are preferred over the post-retained crown, especially at a young age for many reasons; they allow better gingival health and care due to placement of the supragingival margin, have greater fracture resistance limiting the risk for root fracture, thus improving the long-term prognosis of ETMs and has a superior ability to restore ETMs with short crowns, calcified root canals, and thin roots. Furthermore, using CAD/CAM technology facilitates Endocrowns preparation making it simpler with less invasive techniques that can be prepared, fabricated, and cemented in a single visit. The high demand for permanent, esthetic, and conservative restorations has directed clinicians to restore permanent ETMs at a young age with Endo crowns as final coronal restorations. In addition, Biomimetic dentistry leverages modern materials to replicate the biological and mechanical functions of natural teeth, presenting a distinct approach that minimizes the need for extensive tooth reduction and post-placement, particularly advantageous for endodontically treated teeth. Utilizing fiber-reinforced composites, this technique aims to strengthen the dentin-resin bond and evenly distribute occlusal forces across the restoration. By closely adhering to the intact tooth's natural contours and functionality, biomimetic restorations not only preserve more of the natural tooth structure but also reduce stress and strain within the restored tooth. This approach enhances longevity and minimizes the risk of bond failure, with any necessary repairs being straightforward and contributing to the restoration's sustainability. This study explores the application of fiber-reinforced composites within a biomimetic framework for restoring endodontically treated teeth, aiming to achieve durable and biologically compatible outcomes.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Photobiomodulation (PBM) in postoperative pain after endodontic microsurgery (EMS) in patients from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry Graduate Endodontic Clinic and to assess the soft tissue healing of the vertical releasing incision (VRI) after PBM

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the GentleWave® System compared to conventional methods in reducing postoperative pain in patients with necrotic pulp or requiring endodontic retreatment.

The aim of the study is to determine whether Yttria stabilized multilayered zirconia restorations will differ from lithium disilicate restorations in shade matching and patient satisfaction in patients requiring full coverage restorations.

This in-vivo study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of nano based intracanal medications (Triple antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and chlorohexidine loaded by silver nanoparticles) on Enterococcus faecalis count reduction in secondary endodontic infection cases.

Developing neural network-based models for image analysis can be time-consuming, requiring dataset design and model training. No-code AI platforms allow users to annotate object features without coding. Corrective annotation, a "human-in-the-loop" approach, refines AI segmentations iteratively. Dentistry has seen success with no-code AI for segmenting dental restorations. This study aims to assess radiographic features related to root canal treatment quality using a "human-in-the-loop" approach.

This study is a prospective randomized controlled study of patients who come to the University. The aim is to evaluate the success rate of treatment and retreatment of canals using BioRoot ™ RCS cement compared with AH Plus up to 6 years of follow-up. The null hypothesis is that there will be no statistically significant differences in rates of successful treatment of root canals filled with BioRoot ™ RCS compared to gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer.

This study is a prospective randomized controlled study of patients who come to the University and non-surgical root canal retreatment is considered as the election of choice in presence of periapical disease. The aim is to evaluate the success rate of non-surgical retreatment performed in one compared to two visit treatment up to 10 years of follow-up. The null hypothesis is that there will be no statistically significant differences in rates of success, when performing root canal non-surgical retreatment in one or two visits.