Post-operative Pain, Acute

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of bilateral serratus posterior superior intercostal plane (SPSIP) block on postoperative acute pain and opioid consumption in patients undergoing on-pump open-heart surgery. Postoperative outcomes including pain scores, cumulative morphine use, quality of recovery, and opioid-related side effects will be evaluated within the first 24 hours after surgery.

Combogesic® 325 contains a combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen. The purpose of this study is to compare the pain relief effects of Combogesic® 325mg and acetaminophen and to evaluate the safety of Combogesic® 325mg in adolescents between the ages of 12 and \<18 years. What will the study involve for participants? * Participants will be randomly allocated to one of 3 treatment groups: * 3 tablets of Combogesic® 325, * 2 tablets of Combogesic® 325 and 1 tablet of placebo or * 2 tablets of acetaminophen1000mg and 1 tablet of placebo * Participants will take 3 tablets every 6 hours with a maximum of 4 doses in 24 hours * Participants and study doctor will be blinded to the treatment group * If pain is not sufficiently controlled, opioids may be used as supplementary pain relief at the discretion of the study doctor. * Participants will complete a patient diary to assess their pain * Participants will rate the study drug at the end of the treatment. It is expected that Combogesic® tablets (either 2 or 3 tablets per dose) will provide a greater reduction in pain compared to acetaminophen (1000 mg) treatment.

The aim of researchers is to compare the effects of three different local anesthetic concentrations and volumes on opioid consumption, postoperative analgesic efficacy, and pain scores during ultrasound-guided SPSIP blocks in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. Additionally, we aim to map and identify the dermatomal areas where different concentrations and volumes of SPSIP blocks provide analgesia.

Rebound pain after peripheral nerve blocks reduces the benefits of regional anesthesia and increases opioid consumption. This rebound pain most likely results from suboptimal pain management, as patients receiving a peripheral nerve block are typically not given scheduled opioid doses. Oral Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) consists of an oral morphine prescription that allows patients to self-administer doses based on their pain score. This study will compare patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery under general anaesthesia or sedation with a peripheral nerve block, receiving oral morphine PCA either with or without additional scheduled oral morphine doses.

Rebound pain after peripheral nerve blocks reduces the benefits of regional anesthesia and increases opioid consumption. This rebound pain most likely results from suboptimal pain management, as patients receiving a peripheral nerve block are typically not given scheduled opioid doses. Oral Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) consists of an oral morphine prescription that allows patients to self-administer doses based on their pain score. This study will compare patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery under general anaesthesia or sedation with a peripheral nerve block, receiving oral morphine PCA either with or without additional scheduled oral morphine doses.

Laparoscopic surgery has revolutionized surgical care by reducing morbidity and improving post operative recovery. Laparoscopic surgery involves the use of carbon dioxide for insufflation to achieve optimal visualization. There is literature that demonstrates higher insufflation pressures being associated with increased postoperative pain - particularly shoulder pain - and opioid use. The ideal amount of intraperitoneal pressure is still under debate as other studies demonstrate that reduced pneumoperitoneum insufflation has also shown to negatively impact surgeon satisfaction and trended with longer operative time and greater blood loss without impacting pain. Residual intraperitoneal carbon dioxide can also contribute to postoperative discomfort. Studies have shown the effectiveness of various maneuvers in removing residual gas to reduce postoperative pain, such as intraperitoneal saline instillation, pulmonary recruitment, and gas aspiration via smoke evacuator. Despite these advantages, there is a lack of a clear consensus on the optimal method for reducing residual intraperitoneal gas. Conversely, literature has mixed results regarding the true significance in pain reduction. Given the importance of minimizing postoperative pain, reducing opioid requirements, and shortening postoperative recovery time, the investigators propose a prospective, patient-blinded, randomized controlled trial. The investigators aim to investigate whether active gas removal via a smoke evacuator, multiple breath recruitment maneuvers, or no intervention would contribute to lowest postoperative pain. The findings will help identify the most effective method for reducing residual pneumoperitoneum-related pain and thus inform surgical practices and improve patient outcomes.

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of two different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (2.5% and 5.25%) on post-operative pain following single-visit root canal treatment. A total of 116 participants requiring primary endodontic treatment will be randomly allocated into two groups according to irrigant concentration. Post-operative pain will be assessed using a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. The study seeks to determine the concentration that provides optimal disinfection with minimal patient discomfort.

The goal of this interventional study is to determine whether a single intraoperative IV dose of ketamine can reduce postoperative chronic and acute pain and postoperative opioid requirements in adult patients undergoing open-heart surgery under general anesthesia. The main questions it aims to answer are: Primary outcome: Does a single-dose intraoperative IV ketamine reduce the presence and severity of pain at 3 and 6 months after surgery ? Secondary outcomes: Does it reduce acute postoperative pain scores, opioid consumption, and other recovery-related outcomes in the early postoperative period ? Researchers will compare a single-dose IV ketamine arm to a placebo arm to see if ketamine decreases chronic pain incidence at 3 and 6 months and improves acute pain/opioid-related outcomes. Participants will: Be randomized to receive either a single IV bolus of ketamine or placebo during surgery. Undergo standard general anesthesia and open cardiac surgery per protocol. Have postoperative pain assessed using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at extubation, 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Have opioid and additional analgesic use recorded, time to first rescue analgesic noted, and ICU/hospital length of stay tracked. Be evaluated for ICU delirium (CAM-ICU) and complete Quality of Recovery-15, Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form, and Pain Self-Efficacy questionnaires. Be followed up at 3 and 6 months for assessment of chronic postoperative pain.

The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate pain after root canal treatment using two different kinds of sealers during obturation in 60 healthy , male and female patients ages between 18 to 40 years. The main aims is to systematically evaluate and compare post-operative pain levels in patients undergoing root canal treatment with two different types of endodontic sealers: AH plus (SEAL APEX) and bio ceramic sealer(META) • By identifying the sealer that leads to the least discomfort, this research could significantly enhance patient care, minimize recovery time, and improve overall treatment success in endodontics. Participants in both groups will be given a visual analogue scale(VAS) to measure the pain level after the root canal treatment has been completed. They will measure pain levels at 12, 24 and 48 hours. All information will be recorded on proforma and compared.

Hip replacement surgery is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in France, with approximately 150,000 procedures per year. Postoperative recovery has significantly improved in recent years, enabling faster rehabilitation. Although generally considered moderately painful, hip replacement surgery can, in some difficult-to-predict cases, lead to severe postoperative pain, requiring high doses of morphine, which may cause side effects and delay recovery. In other surgical procedures, regional anesthesia (nerve blocks) has been successfully used for pain relief. However, its effectiveness after hip replacement surgery has not yet been fully proven. A recent regional anesthesia technique-the Supra-Inguinal Fascia Iliaca Block (SIFIB)-which numbs a significant portion of the nerves around the hip, has recently been developed. When performed in all patients undergoing hip arthroplasty, the benefit of this technique could not be demonstrated. In addition, this technique may lead to transcient muscle blockade, wich also can delay recovery. In order to limit the use of nerve blocks to painful patients, we designed this study where the nerve block is performed only in patients experiencing significant paint after surgery. In conclusion, this study aims to assess the benefits of performing a rescue SIFIB in the recovery room for patients who experience significant postoperative pain after hip replacement surgery. The evaluation will focus on pain relief and ability to walk. No new treatment is being tested. The technique uses a commonly administered local anesthetic to numb the nerves.

The aim of this clinical trial is to compare the analgesic effect of a pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block with a combined femoral, sciatic, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block for postoperative analgesia in patients scheduled for secondary total hip arthroplasty. The primary objective of this study is to compare postoperative pain management between the PENG block and the combined block (femoral, sciatic, lateral femoral cutaneous) by measuring postoperative morphine consumption in each of the two groups. Participants will be randomized into two groups. Patients assigned to the PENG group will receive a PENG block with ropivacaine, followed by a sham (sciatic) block, and spinal anesthesia with isobaric bupivacaine. Patients assigned to the combined block group will receive femoral, sciatic, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve blocks with ropivacaine, followed by spinal anesthesia with isobaric bupivacaine.

Pregabalin is a structural analogue of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA). It binds to presynaptic alpha-2-delta subunit of voltage gated calcium channels in the brain and the spinal cord. Thus, it modulates the release of excitatory neurotransmitters, such as glutamate, norepinephrine, substance-P, and calcitonin gene related peptide. Also, it causes inhibitory modulation of overexcited neurons and restores them to a normal state. Pre-emptive analgesia aims to reduce postoperative opioid consumption especially in ambulatory surgeries. Pregabalin (PGB) is an emerging drug in this field. Different doses of preoperative oral pregabalin (75, 150 and 300 mg) are described in the literature with a dose-response analgesic relationship and reduction of opioid use; however increasing the dose results in increasing the incidence of side effects mainly sedation and dizziness. Perioperative use of opioids for analgesia may result in side effects; like nausea, vomiting, excessive sedation, respiratory depression, pruritus, and urinary retention.The concomitant use of opioids with pregabalin may result in excess sedation and somnolence, so, the use of opioids with pregabalin should be limited to patients with inadequate alternative options.

This double-blind, single-center, split-mouth, randomized prospective clinical trial was conducted among 48 systemically and periodontally healthy patients who had bilaterally asymptomatic mandibular third molars.

The investigator conduct a randomized clinical trial for the needlescopic and conventional laparoscopic adrenalectomy to assess whether mini laparoscopic adrenalectomy is better than conventional laparoscopic adrenalectomy in terms of pain, complication rate , and wound cosmetics