Satiety

The goal of this clinical trail is to learn if the hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is stimulated by slowly digestible carbohydrates (SDCs) in healthy adults. In the current study, researchers will observe the amount of SDC that results in clinically meaningful levels of GLP-1, shown by an increase in feelings of fullness and a decrease in hunger, and how long an elevated level of GLP-1 lasts after starch consumption. Researchers aim to address two questions: What amount of SDC maximizes GLP-1-mediated satiety, and does the impact to satiety continue in a second meal? The overall goal is to maximize ileal-digesting SDC's potential use as a food-based agent for weight loss. Researchers will compare 20, 40, and 60 g of raw corn starch compared to a maltodextrin control on total plasma GLP-1 concentrations, insulin, and blood glucose at baseline and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes post-consumption of SDC. Researchers will also measure satiety at baseline, 60, 120, 180 minutes and after a second meal. There will be a total of 4 study visits with a least a 7-day break between visits. At each study visit, participants will: * Consume a randomized test beverage (SDC or maltodextrin) * Receive a blood draw at 7 timepoints over 3 hrs * Take a satiety questionnaire 5 times over 3 hrs * Consume a standardized lunch 3 hrs after the test beverage consumption

This clinical study aims to examine how acidic drinks (lemon juice and apple cider vinegar) affect blood sugar when consumed with a starchy food. The study focuses on healthy individuals and aims to understand whether these drinks can slow the rise in blood sugar after meals and affect feelings of fullness. The main questions this study aims to answer are: Do lemon juice or apple cider vinegar lower the rise in blood sugar after a meal? Do these drinks increase feelings of fullness? Do different amounts change their effects? Researchers will compare lemon juice and apple cider vinegar to see which one is more effective. Participants will: Consume white bread in the morning on an empty stomach with one of the following drinks: Water only Water with lemon juice (50 g or 100 g) Water with apple cider vinegar (10 g or 20 g) Have a one-week break between each test. Have their blood sugar measured at regular intervals for 3 hours after eating. Report their level of fullness using a simple scale. This study explores whether simple and practical dietary choices can help manage blood sugar levels. The findings may support new, easy-to-apply nutrition strategies for managing diabetes and weight.

The goal of this clinical trial is to the safety and efficacy of the investigational product (IP), Origin Satiety Complex, on hunger and satiety in healthy adults. The main question it aims to answer is what is the difference in the net incremental area under the curve (niAUC) for self-reported postprandial hunger and satiety (T = 0 - T = 10.5 h), as assessed by satiety and hunger items of the Eating Behavior Visual Analog Scales (VAS), between the IP and placebo.

The objective of the proposed research is to determine the effects of watermelon (fruit and rind blenderized) on satiety, metabolic markers, bowel habits, microbiome and weight management in children and adults

The objective of the study is to determine the effects of fresh mango pulp consumption on satiety and metabolic parameters in overweight/obese adults.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of different type of snack consumption on postprandial satiety, glucose, insulin, antioxidant capacity and anxiety in healthy subjects.

The goal of the proposed study is to determine the effects of fresh watermelon fruit consumption on satiety, metabolic parameters and weight management.

The first goal of the proposed study is to determine acute and long-term effects of mixed nuts (almonds, hazelnuts, pecans, pistachios, walnuts, and peanuts) on metabolic parameters and weight management. While numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of nuts on promoting negative energy balance and weight loss, mechanistic studies exploring how the inclusion of nuts in the diet promotes a negative energy balance and weight loss have not been conducted. The second goal is to determine the mechanisms by which mixed nut consumption regulates of food intake and body weight.

Protein-rich foods may improve brain insulin-sensitivity, which is important for cognitive and metabolic health, and may also translate into an improved food intake regulation. It is therefore pertinent to delineate the effects of plant-derived proteins, which are a more sustainable alternative to animal-derived proteins, on brain insulin-sensitivity and related functional benefits. The hypothesis is that daily plant-derived or animal-derived protein supplementation improves brain vascular function and insulin-sensitivity, thereby improving cognitive performance and appetite control in overweight or obese older men and women. The primary objective is to investigate in overweight or obese older adults the effect of daily protein supplementation for two weeks with either a plant-derived protein or an animal-derived protein on vascular function and insulin-sensitivity in the brain, while changes in cognitive performance and appetite-related brain reward activity will also be evaluated (secondary study objectives). Cerebral blood flow responses before (brain vascular function) and after the administration of intranasal insulin spray (brain insulin-sensitivity) will be quantified by the gold standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-perfusion method Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL).