Weight Gain

Background: People with HIV take drugs to keep the amount of virus in their body low. One type of these drugs, called integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), can cause weight gain over time. Weight gain can cause diabetes, heart disease, and other serious issues. Researchers want to understand how INSTIs cause weight changes. Objective: To characterize the change in plasma metabolite profile that 4 weeks of each treatment may induce in the absence of HIV infection Eligibility: Healthy people aged 18 to 55. Design: Participants will be screened in the outpatient clinic. They will have a physical exam and blood tests. They will have a nutritional assessment and tests of their heart function. Participants will be randomized to one of four oral treatments: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate TDF/Viread, Tenovovir Alafenamide TAF/Vemlidy, Dolutegravir DTG/Tivicay, or both TAF and DTG taken together for 4 weeks. Participants will have a Day 0 visit for the Lead-In Baseline visit for an exam and blood tests and continuous glucose monitor placement. Participants will return in 2wks or Day 14/Wk 2 for a DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). DEXA is a kind of X-ray that measures body fat and bone density. Optional adiopse (fat) tissue biopsy in the abdomen, and optional microbiome specimen collections. Continuous glucose monitor changed. Oral once a day dose medication will be started with education. Participants will return in 2wks or Day 28/Wk 4 for exam, labs, and continuous glucose monitor changed. Participants will return in 2wks or Day 42/Wk 6 for final exam, labs, repeat DEXA scan, repeat adipose tissue biopsy, and microbiome specimen collections.

Background: People with HIV take drugs to keep the amount of virus in their body low. One type of these drugs, called integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), can cause weight gain over time. Weight gain can cause diabetes, heart disease, and other serious issues. Researchers want to understand how INSTIs cause weight changes. Objective: To characterize the change in plasma metabolite profile that 4 weeks of each treatment may induce in the absence of HIV infection Eligibility: Healthy people aged 18 to 55. Design: Participants will be screened in the outpatient clinic. They will have a physical exam and blood tests. They will have a nutritional assessment and tests of their heart function. Participants will be randomized to one of four oral treatments: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate TDF/Viread, Tenovovir Alafenamide TAF/Vemlidy, Dolutegravir DTG/Tivicay, or both TAF and DTG taken together for 4 weeks. Participants will have a Day 0 visit for the Lead-In Baseline visit for an exam and blood tests and continuous glucose monitor placement. Participants will return in 2wks or Day 14/Wk 2 for a DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). DEXA is a kind of X-ray that measures body fat and bone density. Optional adiopse (fat) tissue biopsy in the abdomen, and optional microbiome specimen collections. Continuous glucose monitor changed. Oral once a day dose medication will be started with education. Participants will return in 2wks or Day 28/Wk 4 for exam, labs, and continuous glucose monitor changed. Participants will return in 2wks or Day 42/Wk 6 for final exam, labs, repeat DEXA scan, repeat adipose tissue biopsy, and microbiome specimen collections.

The goal of the study is to assess how tirzepatide impacts bodyweight and cardiovascular risk factors when used in conjunction with healthy nutrition and physical activity in adolescents with obesity and multiple weight related comorbidities. The study will last approximately 76 weeks and may include up to 23 visits. Participants who have completed the primary 72-week GPIX study and have been off treatment for no more than 12 weeks (including the 4-week safety follow-up period), will have the opportunity to receive an additional 156 weeks of treatment with tirzepatide as well as continuing the lifestyle intervention.

Participants will be randomized into one of two different experimental groups: 1) Exercise group and 2) No exercise (control group). Subject participation in the study will involve a series of metabolic tests before and after participants undergo a 10% weight loss program (with or without exercise training depending on group randomization). After completing this weight loss portion of the study, participants will then be required to adhere to a high calorie diet program to regain half of the weight the participant lost - followed by the same series of metabolic tests.

This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the effects of high-calorie diets and specialized nutritional formulas on weight gain and clinical outcomes in underweight children aged 1 to 5 years with congenital heart disease (CHD). Children with CHD often experience growth failure due to increased energy needs and feeding difficulties, which can negatively impact their recovery, development, and overall health. Seventy-five children will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group receiving a standard diet, a group receiving a high-calorie diet made from energy-dense foods, and a third group receiving both the high-calorie diet and a specialized high-calorie pediatric formula. The study will measure changes in weight, appetite, feeding tolerance, and other growth indicators over an 8-week period. The goal is to determine whether enhanced nutritional support can improve weight gain and health outcomes in this high-risk population.

This study is designed as a prospective multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial comparing two surgical techniques of distal gastric bypass (DGB) in revisional surgery following failed Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Patients will be randomly allocated 1:1 to A) DGB with lengthening of the BPL (DGB type I) or B) DGB with extended AL (DGB type II). Randomisation is stratified for participating center. The study will be performed in a clinical and out-patient setting with regular visits at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months post intervention. The study will be set up as a multicenter study with bariatric centers: St. Antonius hospital, Groene Hart hospital, OLVG, Rijnstate hospital, Elisabeth Twee-steden Hospital, Bravis hospital, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Catharina Hospital.

The investigators propose a randomized controlled clinical trial in 250 women with a history of early stage breast cancer who are overweight or obese with insomnia to test whether a brief, cognitive-behavioral intervention for insomnia (CBT-I) prior to behavioral weight loss (CBT-I+BWL) is superior to a sleep education control (EDU) condition followed by behavioral weight loss (EDU+BWL). The investigators will measure outcomes at baseline, 8 weeks (after completing CBT-I or EDU and prior to BWL), and at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Our society is characterized by a steady improvement in the standard of living of its inhabitants, which is reflected, among other things, in improved healthcare and quality of life (longer life expectancy, lower infant mortality, treatment of chronic diseases, cancer plan). Many factors contribute to this, but technological innovations and therapeutic advances are the main ones. This positive overall picture should not obscure the fact that there are significant regional disparities. For more than 15 years, the former Lower Normandy region (Calvados, Manche, and Orne), like many other regions in France, has been marked by increasingly complex access to healthcare, whether for primary care or for so-called specialty disciplines. This situation is gradually leading to the creation of medical deserts. There are many reasons for this (numerus clausus, sociological changes, urbanization of young practitioners, attraction of small rural towns by medium-sized cities), which are chronic and have no clearly identified solution. This situation complicates patient care and, in some cases, represents a major public health challenge, such as in the treatment of heart failure (HF), which affects more than one million people in France, or 2.3% of the adult population. For 2.3 times more deaths each year than strokes and five times more than myocardial infarctions. Some healthcare innovations can reduce the consequences of these areas of stress. In the field of cardiology, recent initiatives based on the creation of specialized cardiology and telemedicine care teams have been proposed. In primary care, point-of-care solutions enable many tests to be performed on an outpatient basis. Imaging plays a central role in patient care, and ultrasound is often the first-line modality in cardiology. Technological innovations in this field have made it possible to miniaturize ultrasound machines to such an extent that some of them can now be considered POCUS (point-of-care ultrasound). Their reduced manufacturing costs, combined with the maturity of the technique, make it possible to offer simplified acquisition protocols adapted to specific questions, known as targeted clinical ultrasound. This simplification/miniaturization of ultrasound equipment has facilitated the spread of this technique outside the field of cardiology and now allows for its use by general practitioners close to patients, specifically for screening purposes. Many diseases would benefit from early screening in order to reduce hospitalizations, mortality, and societal costs. In cardiology, this approach remains difficult because the majority of patients admitted to healthcare facilities have already developed the disease. HF is characterized by an initial silent phase which, if left untreated, inevitably leads to complications and death. It is responsible for 200,000 hospitalizations per year in France, causing the deaths of 70,000 people. Certain signs, grouped under the French acronym EPOF, appear early on and can be warning signs, but they are often vague and unfamiliar to the general public. This fact is well illustrated by the results of a survey conducted by the Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathy Group (GICC) of the French Society of Cardiology (SFC) in 2017 (5,000 subjects representative of the French population aged 18 to 80). This survey noted that two-thirds of subjects presenting four of these signs (EPOF) had not consulted a cardiologist in the 12 months prior to the questionnaire. In the majority of cases, these patients, whether asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic (EPOF), have morphological and functional abnormalities of the heart, which are the first step toward more severe complications and can be detected by cardiac echocardiography. There is currently a favorable alignment between echocardiography as a public health need (early detection of conditions that can lead to heart failure) and frontline practitioners (general practitioners). This alignment could lead to the definition of new practices and a new care pathway. While echocardiography is technically feasible in a general practitioner's office, its implementation remains to be evaluated (HAS report). This report emphasizes the lack of data in the literature to identify use cases and clinical impact in general medicine in France.

The objectives of this study are as follows: Primary Objective * To determine the rate of weight regain in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) receiving semaglutide microdosing vs. no additional drug following induction therapy. Secondary Objectives * To evaluate the tolerability of semaglutide microdosing in adults with HIV. * To evaluate changes in weight, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) over 12 weeks (W) of semaglutide weight loss induction and 48 W of semaglutide microdosing therapy.

This project will increase knowledge about how a simple intervention, grocery delivery, impacts weight gain and diet among low-income pregnant young women. Results can then be used to support other pregnant young women.

The TWIST 2.0 Study is a 12-month, 2-arm RCT in adults with recent weight loss. We will examine the efficacy of TRE on weight (Aim 1a) and fat mass (Aim 1b) regain, and describe changes in subjective appetite following a mixed-meal tolerance test (Exploratory).

This is an 8 to14-week three-arm randomized controlled in children 8 to 12 years old. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate if stevia has benefits for weight control and metabolic function relative to caloric sweeteners, and whether it provides benefits in this regard similar to water.

This study aims to explore how HIIT influences brain function, neural and molecular pathways related to weight control, setting the stage for future obesity intervention research.

The study will be conducted with the Crossover Randomized Controlled Method. The infants who have attained oral feeding in the neonatal intensive care unit will be divided into two groups via randomization in the computer environment. After the randomization, kangaroo care will be applied to the infants in Group 1 during the first feeding hour when they are included in the study and they will be breastfed by their mothers without any other application during the next feeding. On the other hand, no application will be performed on the infants in Group 2 during the first feeding hour when they are included in the study and kangaroo care will be applied to them during the second feeding hour. The infants in both groups will be breastfed by their mothers during the feeding hours.

The goal of this clinical trial is to test a responsive parenting obesity prevention program with infants and caregivers of color (e.g., non-White; Hispanic/Latinx) and/or who are economically marginalized (i.e., publicly insured), delivered via Integrated Behavioral Health (IBH) in pediatric primary care. The main questions it aims to answer are: * 1\) Is the obesity prevention intervention delivered via IBH in pediatric primary care feasible and acceptable to families of color and/or families who are economically marginalized? * 2\) Will it prevent rapid weight gain during infancy? Participants will complete baseline (newborn), post-treatment (9 months), and follow-up assessments (12 months). Participants assigned to treatment will receive 4 prevention sessions as part of their typical well-child visit in pediatric primary care. Researchers hypothesize that infants in the obesity prevention intervention will have stable weight gain compared to infants in the control group (treatment as usual) will experience more rapid weight gain.

Assessment of body weight change among prisoners in Martinique between admission in jail and 3 months later expressed as a percentage of admission weight. Intensity of physical activities, nutrition intakes and psychological state are also studied to describe associated factors to body weight change.

The study aims to examine the effectiveness of a digital care guide offering support and information on diet, physical exercise and mental well-being on pregnancy weight gain among pregnant women with a BMI at 25 or above in a stepped-wedge cluster randomised study. The investigators hypothesise that access to a digital care guide focusing on diet, exercise and mental support, will support a reduced weight gain in pregnancy and improve the mental wellbeing of the participants.

Patients with psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia, often require antipsychotic medications for symptom management. However, metabolic changes, especially weight gain, are a common and challenging side effect of many antipsychotics. Aripiprazole, an atypical antipsychotic, has shown promise in mitigating this adverse effect when used in combination with other antipsychotic medications.

The HIV/HEART Aging study (HIVH) is an ongoing, prospective, multicentre trial that was conducted to assess the incidence, the prevalence and the clinical course of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in HIV-infected patients. The study population includes outpatients from specialized HIV-care units of the German Ruhr region, who were at least 18 years of age, were known to have a HIV-infection and exhibited a stable disease status within 4 weeks before inclusion into the trial. From March 2004 (Pilot phase) to October 2022 (15 year Follow-up) 1858 HIV+ patients were recruited in a consecutive manner. The standardised examinations included a targeted assessment of medical history and physical examination. Blood was drawn for comprehensive laboratory tests including HIV specific parameters (CD4 cell count, HIV-1 RNA levels) and cardiovascular items (lipid concentrations, BNP values and renal parameters). Furthermore, non-invasive tests were performed during the initial visit, including additional heart rate and blood pressure measurements, electrocardiogram (ECGs) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Examinations were completed in accordance with previously defined standard operating procedures. CVD were defined as coronary, cerebrovascular, peripheral arterial disease, heart failure or cardiac vitium.

Volunteers will be divided into two groups which are protein and oil supplement group and normal dietary group. For protein and oil supplement group, they will take 1 sachet of product replaced dinner every day for 8 weeks. For normal dietary group, they will take regular dinner every day for 8 weeks. Weight, body mass index, body composition, waist and hip circumference, skin fold thickness, and chemistry in blood will be evaluated.

The goal of this study is to uncover sleep and circadian mechanisms contributing to adverse metabolic health. The protocol is a 21 day (7 outpatient days, 14 inpatient days) mechanistic randomized-crossover study designed to identify the impact of chronic sleep restriction and circadian timing, independently and in combination on energy metabolism and identify the independent and combined effects on glucose tolerance.

In 20 - 30% of the patients, the low responders, sufficient weight loss is not achieved after bariatric surgery. Secondary and/or tertiary bariatric procedures can lead to successful weight loss and resolution of comorbid conditions though, morbidity and mortality rates of these procedures are high. Therefore, additional pharmacotherapy has been suggested. Semaglutide is one of the medications that might improve outcome in the post-bariatric population. Semaglutide is a Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analogue developed to treat type 2 diabetes. It causes glucose-dependent insulin secretion, promotes satiety and inhibits glucagon secretion. In obese (non-bariatric) patients, semaglutide has shown to improve glycemic control, decrease blood pressure, lower cardiovascular risk, and decrease body weight.

The aim of this study is to assess weight gain of preterm infants (gestational age lower than 32 weeks) fed infant milk formula with about 60% beta-palmitate (EX\_IMF) vs infant milk formula with similar macronutrient, mineral and fatty acid composition but lower amounts of beta-palmitate (ST\_IMF). Own mother milk (OMM) fed infants will serve as reference group.