Clinical trials

Dysfunctional voiding (DY) is one of the most common conditions in children. Various treatments are available. Participants will be randomly assigned to either PFMT (Group I) or PFMT+DNS (Group II). PFMT is the gold standard and routinely administered in hospitals for children diagnosed with dysfunctional voiding who are referred by a urologist. The PFMT group serves as the control group, and treatment will be scheduled for a total of 10 weeks, three days a week. During PFMT, children receive instruction about the pelvic floor using video visuals and increase awareness of their pelvic floor muscles. They are then instructed on how to contract and relax their muscles to control urination. DNS training is an exercise model that begins with spinal stabilization and addresses muscle synergies. Patients included in the study will be evaluated twice, at the beginning and at the end of the treatment: Voiding Disorders Symptom Score (VODS), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire (PIN-Q), Bladder Bowel Dysfunction Scale (BDS), Bristol gaita scale, and Children's Body Image Scale.

This prospective multicenter observational cohort study will evaluate clinical outcomes after selective median lobe transurethral surgery for benign prostatic obstruction. Eligible men with lower urinary tract symptoms or urinary retention who are scheduled for selective median lobe-only TURP, HoLEP, or anatomical endoscopic enucleation as part of routine clinical care will be enrolled and followed after surgery. The study will collect preoperative clinical data, symptom scores, uroflowmetry, postvoid residual volume, prostate volume, intravesical prostatic protrusion measurements, cystoscopic anatomical findings, intraoperative variables, and postoperative outcomes. The primary outcome is composite clinical failure at 12 months. The main aim is to identify practical preoperative urology-based anatomical and functional predictors of clinical failure after selective median lobe surgery and to develop an exploratory prediction model that may help improve patient selection in future practice.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between uncertainty intolerance and caregiver burden in a web-based empowerment program based on uncertainty theory in disease, applied to caregivers of prostate cancer patients.

The study aims to investigate the effect of a hand extension rubber used in patients with peripheral intravenous catheters on pain, anxiety, and satisfaction.

Coronary artery bypass grafting is the most commonly performed surgical procedure among cardiovascular diseases. Nursing care for patients undergoing cardiac surgery involves a process that includes preoperative preparation and subsequent close monitoring of neurological, cardiac, respiratory, vascular status, kidney function, and pain. Sleep disturbances are observed after cardiac surgery. Sleep plays a critical role in the body's maintenance, repair, and renewal processes. Improved sleep can reduce patient agitation and decrease the risk of delirium. The presence of delirium leads to increased care requirements and prolonged hospital stays, which in turn raises hospital costs. Enhancing sleep quality and preventing delirium after surgery have positive effects on clinical patient outcomes. This study is designed to determine the effects of using eye masks and/or earplugs on sleep quality and delirium in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting during nighttime sleep. This research is a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of a mobile application, developed based on the Thompson \& Thompson bioethical decision-making model, on the ethical decision-making and ethical sensitivity of nursing students. Method: This randomized controlled trial, planned with pre-, post-, and followup tests, will be conducted at Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Nursing during the 2026-2027 academic year. The study population will consist of 4th-year students enrolled in the Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Nursing during the 2026-2027 academic year. The sample size was statistically calculated using the G Power 3.1.9.7 software package. The total sample size was calculated as 82. To prevent data loss, the sample size was increased by 10%, resulting in a sample size of 90 students. Students in the intervention group will use the mobile application. Students in the control group will conduct face-toface case analysis. The research data will be collected using the "Introductory Information Form", "Ethical Dilemma Test in Nursing" and "Adapted Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Nursing Students". The data will be analyzed using the IBM SPSS 22 software package. Conclusion: As a result of the research, it is predicted that the mobile application developed based on the Thompson \& Thompson bioethical decision-making model will have a positive effect on the ethical decision-making and sensitivity levels of nursing students.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of manual therapy in women with tension-type headache and to compare treatment outcomes between menopausal and premenopausal women. Hormonal changes occurring during menopause may influence pain perception and headache characteristics. Participants diagnosed with tension-type headache will receive manual therapy interventions. Headache intensity, headache-related disability, pressure pain threshold, cervical range of motion, sleep quality, and quality of life will be evaluated before and after treatment using validated assessment tools. The results are expected to contribute to physiotherapy approaches in women experiencing tension-type headache during different hormonal periods.

Dysfunctional voiding (DY) is one of the most common conditions in children. Various treatments are available. Participants will be randomly assigned to either PFMT (Group I) or PFMT+DNS (Group II). PFMT is the gold standard and routinely administered in hospitals for children diagnosed with dysfunctional voiding who are referred by a urologist. The PFMT group serves as the control group, and treatment will be scheduled for a total of 10 weeks, three days a week. During PFMT, children receive instruction about the pelvic floor using video visuals and increase awareness of their pelvic floor muscles. They are then instructed on how to contract and relax their muscles to control urination. DNS training is an exercise model that begins with spinal stabilization and addresses muscle synergies. Patients included in the study will be evaluated twice, at the beginning and at the end of the treatment: Voiding Disorders Symptom Score (VODS), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire (PIN-Q), Bladder Bowel Dysfunction Scale (BDS), Bristol gaita scale, and Children's Body Image Scale.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of surgical glove compression as a prophylactic method to prevent paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving standard care, and the other receiving prophylactic surgical glove compression. The study will compare the development, severity of neuropathy in the hands and fingers, and its impact on quality of life.

Cervical radiculopathy is a common cause of neck and arm pain resulting from compression or inflammation of a cervical nerve root. Cervical epidural steroid injection is frequently used to reduce pain and improve function in patients who do not respond to conservative treatment. However, long-term functional recovery may require additional rehabilitation strategies. This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate whether adding a standardized home-based exercise program after cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection improves pain, disability, sleep quality, and quality of life in patients with chronic cervical radiculopathy. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either injection alone or injection followed by an eight-week home-based exercise program.

This study is a multicenter prospective patient registry designed to evaluate clinical, functional, and safety outcomes after minimally invasive prostate interventions (MIST) performed for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The interventions included in this registry represent standard-of-care treatment options and may include Rezum water vapor therapy, UroLift prostatic urethral lift, Aquablation, prostatic artery embolization (PAE), iTind, transperineal laser ablation (TPLA), transurethral needle ablation (TUNA), and transurethral microwave therapy (TUMT). The registry collects standardized data using a secure REDCap platform from participating international centers. Data elements include demographic characteristics, comorbidities, medication use, laboratory parameters, prostate volume assessments, uroflowmetry, post-void residual measurements, patient-reported symptom scores, sexual function assessments, intraoperative details, complications (classified using Clavien-Dindo), and postoperative recovery parameters. Follow-up visits occur at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, with an optional extended follow-up at 72 months to assess long-term durability and reintervention-free survival. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate improvements in urinary symptoms (IPSS), quality of life, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and post-void residual volume (PVR) following MIST procedures. Secondary objectives include assessing perioperative safety, catheterization duration, predictors of treatment success or failure, need for reintervention, and long-term preservation of continence and sexual function. This registry is observational and does not assign or modify any treatment. All procedures are performed based on local clinical practice and physician judgment. Prospective participants provide informed consent. Data collected will be used to generate real-world evidence to guide patient selection, optimize procedural outcomes, and compare clinical performance across different minimally invasive prostate interventions.

The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Oral Assessment Sheet (OAS). The OAS is a clinical assessment tool developed to evaluate oral health conditions such as lips, tongue, mucosa, saliva, swallowing, and voice. This study will investigate whether the Turkish version of the OAS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing oral health status in clinical practice. Participants will undergo oral assessment using the Turkish version of the OAS. Statistical analyses will be performed to determine the validity and reliability of the scale. The results of this study are expected to provide a standardized oral assessment tool that can be used in Turkish clinical settings.

This prospective single-center observational study aims to evaluate the relationship between elevated plasma homocysteine levels and early echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension. Adult patients diagnosed with essential hypertension within the previous 6 months will undergo clinical assessment, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, electrocardiography, laboratory testing, and comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography including diastolic function assessment and strain analysis when image quality is adequate. Participants will be classified according to plasma homocysteine level using, and patients with elevated and normal homocysteine levels will be compared with respect to diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular and left atrial global longitudinal strain parameters. Clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic data will also be used to develop a machine-learning based model for prediction of H-type hypertension.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between preoperative Cardiac Power Output (CPO), which reflects the pumping capacity of the heart, and the P-POSSUM score, a widely used surgical risk assessment tool, in patients aged 65 years and older undergoing abdominal surgery. Simple and non-invasive measurements performed in the preoperative period will be used to obtain CPO values and to evaluate whether these measurements are helpful in predicting postoperative morbidity and mortality. No additional procedures beyond routine clinical care will be performed as part of this observational study. The findings of this study may contribute to a more accurate assessment of surgical risk and help improve patient safety in the perioperative period.

This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the predictive value of preoperative carotid Doppler ultrasound parameters, including carotid velocity-time integral (carotid VTI) and corrected carotid flow time (ccFT), for post-induction hypotension in adult patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia. Hemodynamic instability during anesthesia induction is a common and clinically important problem associated with adverse perioperative outcomes. Carotid Doppler ultrasonography provides a rapid and non-invasive method for assessing hemodynamic status at the bedside. In this study, carotid Doppler measurements will be performed in the preoperative period and their association with post-induction hypotension will be analyzed. The results of this study may help identify patients at risk for hypotension and improve perioperative hemodynamic management.

Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is the cornerstone procedure in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer but is associated with a spectrum of intraoperative bladder injuries ranging from minor mucosal tears to major perforations. Currently, there is no standardized intraoperative classification system specifically designed to grade and report these injuries during TURBT. This study aims to apply the Bladder Injury Classification System for Endoscopic Procedures (BICEP) to TURBT in order to systematically classify intraoperative bladder injuries, evaluate their management, and explore their association with perioperative and early postoperative outcomes.

Large granular lymphocytes (LGLs), which constitute 10-15% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, are large lymphocytes with a round nucleus, large cytoplasm, and azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm. Most normal LGLs in peripheral blood are natural killer (NK) cells, but some are T lymphocytes. These cells cannot be measured by a standard complete blood count (CBC) test. These cells, which can be detected by peripheral smear, are expressed numerically and as a percentage relative to other cells. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the percentage of LGLs at baseline and at three months and the response and clinical parameters in participants with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab in second-line therapy.

This study investigating the effects of mat pilates on body awareness and physical activity levels in sedentary women transitioning to adulthood, 27 control groups and 27 mat pilates exercise groups will be included. The groups will be compared at the end of an 8-week exercise program. Participants' socio-demographic characteristics, body awareness (using the Body Awareness Questionnaire), and physical activity level (using the Tegner Physical Activity Questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short-form scales) will be assessed.

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish adaptation of the Burnt Hand Outcome Tool (BHOT) in adults with a history of hand burns. The participant population will include adults aged 18 years and older who have experienced unilateral or bilateral hand burns and can read and understand Turkish.The main questions this study aims to answer are: Does the Turkish version of the BHOT demonstrate high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity? How strongly are BHOT scores associated with objective hand function measures such as grip strength and sensory evaluation? Participants will not be assigned to comparison groups, as this is a methodological validation study. Participants will: Complete a sociodemographic information form. Complete the Turkish version of the BHOT and the QuickDASH questionnaire. Undergo objective assessments including hand grip strength using a dynamometer and sensory evaluation using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. Participate in repeated assessments at baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months for reliability analyses.

This study aims to examine the effect of Watson Human Care Theory and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based counseling program applied to parents of pediatric palliative care patients on value-oriented living and care burden.

This study is a prospective, observational clinical research conducted at the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University. The study aims to evaluate periodontal records routinely obtained before treatment and throughout the treatment process from individuals who visited the clinic and were planned for non-surgical periodontal treatment. Within the scope of the research, the effectiveness of periodontal treatments will be evaluated solely through non-invasive clinical periodontal parameters. No additional invasive procedures will be performed during the study; only records obtained during routine periodontal examinations and treatments at the clinic will be used.

This study is a two-stage, mixed-method, pre-test post-test design aimed at developing and testing an immersive VR intervention for new mothers. This research is 2-arm a 4-week prospective randomized clinical trial

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) on the state exam anxiety levels of nursing students. Background: Exam anxiety is a common problem among nursing students. EFT has emerged as a complementary method to reduce exam anxiety. However, experimental studies on this subject are limited in the literature. Design: Randomized controlled trial design. Methods: This study was carried out with second-year students enrolled in the Surgical Nursing course at the Faculty of Nursing of a state university. Participants were assigned to intervention and control groups using simple random sampling. One hour before the exam, all students were present in the exam hall. While the intervention group received EFT, the control group was given free time. Data were collected using the State Test Anxiety Scale (STAS) and the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUD). Descriptive statistics, normality tests (Shapiro-Wilk/Kolmogorov-Smirnov), independent and paired samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test, and two-way mixed ANOVA were used for data analysis. The significance level was set at p\<0.05. Outcomes: There were no significant differences between the groups in the pre-test STAS total and subscale scores or SUD scores. However, post-test results revealed statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups in all measurements (p\<0.05), with effect sizes ranging from medium to large. The time and group-time interaction effects for STAS total and subscale scores and SUD scores were also significant (p\<0.05), and the effect size of the change over time was determined to be large (η² \> 0.14). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that EFT is effective in reducing exam anxiety among nursing students. EFT should be considered a complementary intervention in managing exam anxiety. It is recommended that EFT be integrated into the support services provided to students prior to examinations.

Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is currently the standard treatment for locally/locally advanced rectal cancer due to better response and fewer distant metastases. In TNT, sequential chemotherapy (CT) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are planned and depending on the treatment response, either surgery is performed or a watch and wait approach is applied. Depending on tumor localization and patient performance status, CT is planned as induction or consolidation. Most of the time, mFOLFOX6 and CAPOX are preferred as CT regimen. In proximal rectal cancer, surgery can be performed without CRT and only after CT. In locally/locally advanced rectal cancer, the aim is to avoid surgery as much as possible or to perform sphincter-sparing surgery if possible. Colonoscopy and pelvic MR at the time of diagnosis are the most important steps in staging, treatment selection and decision making. These two diagnostic methods should be repeated especially for watch and wait decision and for response evaluation after TNT. ADAR 1 (Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA1) is an RNA editing enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine (A-to-I), a dynamic modification that can lead to a diverse transcriptome in a combinatorial manner. A defect in ADAR1-mediated RNA modification results in abnormal regulation of substrates that can affect phenotypic changes in cancer. This phenomenon of over-regulation is seen in many cancers such as colon, liver, lung, breast and esophageal cancers and in many cases promotes tumor progression. In studies, increased ADAR1 expression has been associated with lower survival and worse prognosis, especially in metastatic colon and gastric cancer. ADAR1 is also predicted to increase proliferation through both the AKT pathway and the mTOR pathway and therefore may be targeted in the near future. ADAR1 expression is monitored by RNA-based real time PCR. In order to demonstrate increased expression, biopsies should be taken from the malignant tissue and the intact tissue of the patient and the biopsy should be stored under -80 C conditions immediately after biopsy to prevent RNA degradation. The tissue will not come into contact with nitrogen or formaldehyde. In this study, sufficient biopsies from cancerous and intact tissue will be taken from patients with suspected rectal cancer, confirmed by pelvic MRI and consent for participation in the study, and fresh tissue will be stored at -80 C in the genetics laboratory. After the TNT plan is made by the investigators and the treatment is completed, both pelvic MRI and control rectoscopy will be performed for preoperative evaluation. Again, biopsies will be taken from diseased and healthy tissue and ADAR1 expression will be evaluated. The study is planned to include 50 participants and a period of one year is foreseen for tissue procurement/storage. The investigators' aim in this study will be to determine whether ADAR1 expression level changes after TNT, whether this predicts clinical and pathological response, whether responses change according to the selected CT, whether there is a difference between CT induction-consolidation/RT short or long course, and the relationship between tumor DNA mismatch repair enzyme status and ADAR1 level. The investigators primary endpoint will be the effect of the change in ADAR1 expression level on the response after TNT (ORR). Secondary endpoints will be quality of life, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).

This study aims to determine the effects of shotblocker and manual pressure applied during peripheral venous catheter placement on pain and satisfaction. 81 patients hospitalized in the Urology clinic will be included in the study. Patients will be assigned to three groups as shotblocker (n=27), manual pressure (n=27) and control group (n=27) by block randomization method. Research Hypotheses * H1-1: The mean pain scores of the intervention group to which shotblocker was applied during peripheral intravenous catheterization are different from the control group. * H1-2: The mean pain scores of the intervention group to which manual pressure was applied during peripheral intravenous catheterization are different from the control group. * H1-3: The mean satisfaction scores of the intervention group to which shotblocker was applied during peripheral intravenous catheterization are different from the control group. * H1-4: The mean satisfaction scores of the intervention group to which manual pressure was applied during peripheral intravenous catheterization are different from the control group.