PTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

The goal of this study is to determine how non-invasive brain stimulation (delivered through the ear called vagus nerve stimulation) affects fear learning processes in people who have experienced psychological trauma. To answer these questions, we measure bodily responses (heart rate, sweat, startle) and questionnaires. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation help reduce anxious arousal? Does non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation help dampen learned fear?

This pilot study, conducted in partnership with juvenile detention centers, evaluates an adapted CBITS-RTM intervention delivered in a detention school setting.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a short, Zoom-based intervention, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Treatment-Seeking for Deaf Individuals (Deaf CBT-TS) can change beliefs about mental health treatment and increase treatment-seeking behaviors in Deaf adults with untreated mental health or alcohol use problems. It will also see if Deaf CBT-TS may reduce suicide risk and explore factors that may increase the effectiveness of Deaf CBT-TS. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does Deaf CBT-TS increase positive beliefs about treatment and increase treatment-seeking behaviors? * Does Deaf CBT-TS increase hope and reduce mental health symptoms, suicide ideation, and alcohol use? * Is Deaf CBT-TS more effective for individuals with less cultural stress compared to those with high levels of cultural stress? * Is Deaf CBT-TS more effective for Deaf individuals in residential areas with more Deaf resources than those with less Deaf resources? Researchers will compare individuals who complete Deaf CBT-TS to those on a waitlist to see if Deaf CBT-TS works to increase positive beliefs about treatment and treatment-seeking behaviors. Participants will: * Complete a baseline assessment including demographic information, measures of hope, general mental health and functioning, alcohol use, suicide ideation, cultural stress, and beliefs about treatment. * Receive Deaf CBT-TS (2 sessions) or be placed on a waitlist with the option of receiving Deaf CBT-Ts after 4 months * Complete two follow-up assessments in 2 and 4 months.

The NEXT Study is a randomized controlled pilot examining the feasibility and acceptability of a revised perinatal PTSD protocol. This study will randomize perinatal participants with PTSD to receive NET (n=45); treatment group) and will be compared to perinatal women randomized to usual care (n=45; comparator group). The overall objective of this project is to determine the most feasible and acceptable protocol for a brief virtual perinatal PTSD intervention.

With this research investigators hope to begin to understand how rTMS can improve posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. TMS improves PTSD through two interrelated mechanisms: change in brain limbic system function and change in systemic inflammatory activation. Participants who decide to join this study, will receive ten rTMS treatments. All participants will undergo a 40-minute rTMS procedure with a member of the study team 10 times over 2-4 weeks. Participants will undergo fMRI scans of the head in order to help researchers better understand potential effects of rTMS on brain activity. In addition, participants will be asked to give two breath and blood samples to look for signs of general inflammation.

This project aims to evaluate Restory - a newly developed anonymous, iCBT prolonged exposure therapy program specifically tailored for victims of sexual abuse - using a pre-registered randomized controlled trial with waitlist control. The primary research question is whether Restory is more effective than a waitlist control in reducing PTSD symptom severity score, as measured by PCL-5.

The Redefine Study (COMP202) is testing COMP360 to see if it may reduce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms when administered alongside monitoring and support from a trained study team. COMP360 is a lab-made form of the naturally occurring chemical compound psilocybin.

The goal of the REVEAL PTSD study is to test how well the Senseye DT works as a diagnostic test for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in adults 18 and older who are experiencing one or more symptoms that might be related to PTSD. The Senseye DT is software as a medical device (SaMD) and is an iPhone app that administers a series of simple tasks on the phone while recording video during the tasks through the front-facing camera. The videos are analyzed by a an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm to identify physiologic signals that might be indicative of PTSD. Data collected in this study will be used to train and tune the AI algorithm, then test it for accuracy. The main questions this study aims to answer are: 1. How accurate is the Senseye DT in detecting PTSD compared to structured clinical interviews, the current clinical standard for diagnostic testing? 2. How accurately does the Senseye DT predict PTSD severity? 3. How fast is the Senseye DT to use compared to structured clinical interviews? Participants will attend a virtual screening visit via video call to determine eligibility and consent to participate. Once enrolled, participants will attend 2 or 3 additional study visits: * Visit 1: A virtual visit where standard mental health assessments will be given by clinical raters trained in mental health and administering these structured clinical interviews. These assessments include the Structured Interview Guide for the Montgomery-Asburg Depression Rating Scale (SIGMA), the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (SIGH-A), and the MINI International Neurodiagnostic Interview. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 Revised Version (CAPS-5-R) may also be conducted, if randomly selected. * Visit 2: A visit to use the Senseye DT. For participants near one of the study's physical site locations, this visit will be done in person at the site. For all others, this visit will be conducted virtually. * Visit 3: For participants not randomly selected to have the CAPS-5-R administered at Visit 1, a third and final visit will be scheduled for this assessment. This visit will be conducted virtually. The total expected participation time for enrolled participants is 6-7 hours over the course of 2-3 weeks.

This is an observational study which does NOT directly administer a psychedelic substance but rather recruits participants who are already participating in another clinical trial in which they may receive a serotonergic psychedelic. The goal of this observational study is to learn how the brain's information processing changes during and following administration of serotonergic psychedelics (psilocybin, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine/DMT, Lystergic Acid Diethylamide/LSD, etc.) for people with and without mental illness receiving serotonergic psychedelics through any clinical trial at Yale University. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause the brain to rely on new information more than previously learned information while under the influence? What about 1 day, 5-14 days, and 4-6 weeks after use? 2. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause long-lasting side-effects in how people perceive (see, hear, feel, etc.) the world and how easily people change their beliefs? 3. How does the brain's electrical activity change after using serotonergic psychedelics? How does the balance between excitation and inhibition change while under their effect? 4. Can changes in how the brain uses information predict who will benefit from a psychedelic and who will have side effects from psychedelics? Researchers will compare with people given placebos to see what changes in brain processing are unique to serotonergic psychedelics. Participants will have the opportunity to do some combination of the following: 1. Online computer assessments consisting of games and questionnaires that probe how participants think. 2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG) with eyes closed and with repeated clicks, images, or sensations delivered. 3. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. 4. Semi-structured qualitative interviews about their experience after taking a serotonergic psychedelic recorded via Zoom.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the gammaCore non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) device as an additional treatment for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. The vagus nerve connects the brain with many organs and systems in the body and plays a role in regulating stress and emotional responses. The gammaCore device is a handheld, rechargeable medical device that delivers gentle electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve through the skin on the side of the neck. By stimulating this nerve, the device may help reduce PTSD symptoms. gammaCore is cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment and prevention of migraine and cluster headache. It has not yet been approved for the treatment of PTSD. This study is being conducted to better understand whether this type of stimulation may help improve PTSD symptoms and to evaluate its safety when used for this purpose. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Is non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation safe for people with PTSD when used regularly at home? * Does treatment with the gammaCore device improve PTSD symptom severity over time? In this study, approximately 40 adults with PTSD will participate in an open-label pilot study. Participants will first complete a 4-week baseline period in which their PTSD symptoms are monitored. This allows researchers to understand each participant's symptoms before starting the intervention. Participants will then begin a 12-week treatment period using the gammaCore device at home. During this time, participants will apply the device to the side of the neck for short stimulation sessions each day as instructed by the study team. Participants will attend six study visits, some conducted remotely and some in person. These visits include screening, training on how to use the device, and follow-up assessments. During the study, participants will complete questionnaires and clinician-administered assessments that measure PTSD symptoms and quality of life. Researchers will also monitor participants for any side effects or medical problems related to the device. By collecting information on symptoms, safety, and device use, this study will help researchers understand whether non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation could become a useful treatment option for people living with PTSD.

Psychiatric conditions are each defined by different set of symptoms, however, they often share common characteristics such as impairments in cognitive and social functioning. These impairments can cause significant distress and disrupt daily functioning by preventing individuals from actively participating in school or work, maintaining healthy relationships with others, and engaging in everyday activities independently. The goal of this clinical trial is to examine if action-based cognitive remediation (ABCR) therapy, a type of cognitive training program, works to treat cognitive impairments in participants with psychiatric disorders. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Whether the intervention will improve the thinking skills of participants with different types of psychiatric conditions * Whether the intervention will improve social skills and work performance * Can this program be easily used in a regular hospital, and do the people who take part in it find it helpful and worth their time * Whether the improvements from the intervention last for a long time after the training is over. Researchers will compare how much the thinking skills of participants change during an 8-week waiting period (where they get no treatment) to how much they change during the 8-week training program to see if the training makes a bigger difference in helping them think and live better. Participants will : * Complete a series of questionnaires on memory, thinking skills, and mental health at the beginning of the study * Wait 8 weeks without any intervention or training * Complete the series of questionnaires again * Complete an 8-week training intervention of ABCR where they will use special computer programs to practice real-life skills and tasks like planning a meal or making an appointment * Complete the series of questionnaires and an additional structured interview to assess acceptability and feasibility of the intervention. * 3 month later, complete questionnaires for a final time.

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, an estimated 30% of women report physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime. IPV is a well-established social driver of mental health problems, and doubles the rate of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can improve depression after women experiencing IPV exit abusive relationships. However, despite ongoing violence, many young women in LMICs are less likely to divorce or separate from their husband. But ongoing IPV severely limits mental health recovery and increases the risks of suicide. Another important factor in many LMICs is that young women often live in extended, multi-generational households, where studies have shown that mother-in-laws (MILs) play a critical role in young married women's autonomy and freedom of movement, substantially affecting her mental health. The pathways via which multiple family members and ongoing IPV affect young women's mental health in LMICs is very poorly understood. There is an urgent need to design and assess interventions that: a) improve mental health and reduce IPV; b) engage husbands and MILs, and not just women experiencing IPV; and c) elucidate pathways via which IPV-related drivers affect mental health. This study's research team, with over 16 years of experience in Nepal, conducted a pilot study introducing the Multi-component family Intervention to Lower depression and Address intimate Partner violence (MILAP). MILAP, which translates to "unity and reconciliation" in Nepali, showed promise in reducing depression and IPV among families (comprising women, husbands, and mothers-in-law). Based on these favorable results, the investigators now propose a 12-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the effectiveness of MILAP in addressing depression, IPV, and PTSD among young married women in Nepal. The goal of this RCT is to assess the effectiveness of MILAP, understand mechanisms of change for MILAP's effectiveness, and conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis. The specific aims of this study are: AIM 1: Conduct a 12-month RCT to assess the effectiveness of MILAP on depression, IPV, and PTSD among young married women in Nepal. AIM 2: Conduct a mixed-methods assessment of theorized mechanisms of change for MILAP's effectiveness. AIM 3: Conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of MILAP for depression and IPV. Participants of this study will receive either MILAP or enhanced usual care, and will answer questions about depression, IPV and PTSD at baseline, at 1 month and every 3 months until 1-year.

Hospitalisation in intensive care is always traumatic and can lead to a long rehabilitation process, slowed down by symptoms of anxiety and/or depression, and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These psychiatric disorders, or post-intensive care syndrome (PICS), can persist for several years after hospitalisation in intensive care and cause functional disability. They are associated with the use of psychotropic drugs and mental health services, and impair health-related quality of life. This research is based on the hypothesis that the traumatic nature of intensive care hospitalisation can be reduced by implementing programmes to improve intensive care hospitalisation conditions, promoting changes in the practices of all healthcare professionals involved in intensive care. IPREA3 study (Kalfon et al, 2017) demonstrated that implementation of a tailor-made, multi-component programme, led by a doctor/non-medical caregiver significantly reduced the overall discomfort score (derived from the IPREA questionnaire) perceived by patients hospitalised in an intensive care unit with sufficient experience in applying this programme, having used it for at least 5 months (Kalfon et al, 2017) . The originality and interest of this research, in comparison with the IPREA3 study, lie in the following aspects: * the use of the most recent version of the IPREA questionnaire, * the questionnaire was completed by the patient themselves without the intervention of a caregiver (self-administration) * the fact that new care practices, aimed at humanising a stay in intensive care and making the experience of a stay in intensive care less traumatic, were described after the publication of the IPREA3 study a * a longer programme learning period of 9 months (compared to 5 months during the IPREA3 study) * the launch of the PREMREA programme with a conference led by a patient expert

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a new therapy called Acceptance- and Mindfulness-Based Exposure Therapy (AMBET) helps treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people who survived a cardiac arrest. This study will compare AMBET to another psychotherapy treatment called Present Centered Therapy (PCT) to see which therapy is more effective in treating PTSD. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does AMBET reduce PTSD symptoms in survivors of cardiac arrest? How do the benefits of AMBET compare to PCT? Participants will: * Be randomly assigned to receive either AMBET or PCT * Attend 12 hours of individual psychotherapy sessions over about 12 weeks * Complete short weekly surveys about their mood and behaviors online * Wear a Fitbit device to track sleep and activity during the study * Do brief homework assignments between sessions

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), affecting approximately 6% of the general population and up to one-third of individuals exposed to combat zones and disasters, is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among IDF personnel. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), in which patients breathe oxygen at a partial pressure higher than 1 atmosphere in a hyperbaric chamber, has been investigated in the context of treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Four controlled studies conducted in patients with mTBI, about half of whom also suffered from PTSD, have yielded conflicting conclusions regarding the potential efficacy of hyperbaric therapy. A single study involving approximately 30 patients with PTSD without mTBI demonstrated significant clinical improvement; however, it was characterized by several methodological limitations-chief among them the absence of blinding or a placebo control. None of the studies conducted to date have reported long-term findings (beyond one year), included patients with a short duration of symptoms ("early PTSD"), or included female participants. The aim of the proposed study is to conduct a prospective, double-blind, controlled investigation of the biological effect of hyperbaric therapy in PTSD, continuously throughout the hyperbaric treatment course, at the end of treatment, and during a substantial follow-up period of two years after treatment completion. We intend to include adult participants who are capable of providing informed consent and who meet DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD. In order to maintain a pragmatic study with high external validity, exclusion criteria will be limited to those indicating risk (concrete suicidality, or a history of manic or psychotic disorder) or factors likely to impair treatment efficacy (incompatibility with hyperbaric chamber treatment, inability to complete the full treatment protocol, or pregnancy). Participants who miss a substantial number of treatments (five consecutively or one-third of the total treatments) will be withdrawn from the study. The primary outcome measure will be the CAPS-5 questionnaire. In addition, PTSD symptom questionnaires, surveys assessing cognitive, executive, affective functioning, and health-related quality of life will be administered. An exploratory outcome will focus on sleep quantity and quality and physiological monitoring using wearable devices, currently considered the most promising biomarker in the context of PTSD. Following enrollment and the provision of informed consent, balanced randomization will be performed with respect to covariates previously described as potential confounders (such as age, duration, and severity of symptoms, …). Participants will receive 60 hyperbaric treatments, five days per week, at either 2.0 atmospheres or 2.5 atmospheres. Both the participants and the evaluating clinical staff will be blinded to treatment allocation.

This study tests a new brain stimulation treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a condition that affects millions after trauma, causing symptoms like flashbacks, avoidance, mood changes, and heightened alertness. The investigators will enroll 15 adults (ages 18-65) with PTSD. First, participants get a brain scan (fMRI) to map their unique brain connections between areas involved in fear and control-the right amygdala (fear center) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (control area). Using this personalized map, the investigators will apply accelerated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a safe, non-invasive method using magnetic pulses to adjust brain activity. Treatment lasts 5 days (10 short sessions daily, totaling 90,000 pulses) targeting the identified spot to strengthen control over fear responses. The study checks if this approach is practical, safe (tracking side effects like headaches), and shows early signs of reducing PTSD symptoms (measured by questionnaires and interviews). Follow-up lasts 3 months, with repeat scans to see brain changes. This study will see if personalized, fast-paced TMS targeting the disrupted fear-control brain circuit in PTSD can be feasible and safe, and preliminarily reduce symptoms by improving brain connectivity, potentially offering a quicker alternative to standard treatments.

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will evaluate the effectiveness of a digital biofeedback-based intervention ("Mental Gym®") designed to reduce Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and improve mental health. The intervention combines daily HRV biofeedback exercises using a wearable device (Garmin watch), a dedicated mobile application, and weekly group guidance sessions. A delayed-intervention control group design will be used. To account for expected attrition and ensure a final sample of 60 participants, approximately 80 subjects will be recruited. Physiological and self-report data will be collected pre- and post-intervention, weekly during the intervention, and at follow-ups (3 months post-intervention). The study population consists of combat veterans diagnosed with PTSD.

This study is a randomized controlled pilot examining the implementation of an adapted intervention, Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation-Narrative Therapy (STAIR-NT), among a first responder population with a history of TBI and PTSD.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of early propranolol administration on the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms at five weeks in adult female victims of sexual violence. The investigators hypothesize that propranolol administration may reduce the traumatic emotional experience associated with the memory by positively modulating neurovegetative symptoms during the memory reconsolidation phase, thereby decreasing the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This specific context of sexual violence appears particularly suitable, given the timeline of events, to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of propranolol on memory reconsolidation and the prevention of post-traumatic symptom development. Participants will : * take Propranolol, 120mg per day divided into 3 daily doses of 40mg or a placebo for 10 days, followed by a tapering phase consisting of two daily doses of 40 mg for 7 days, and then a single daily dose of 40 mg for an additional 7 days. * Complete questionnaires * Complete a patient follow-up diary documenting information related to the occurrence of adverse events.

A new method is being tested to assist individuals in Ukraine with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), including veterans and civilians affected by war. The study is a collaboration among Ukrainian healthcare institutions and the Charité Berlin. What is PTSD? PTSD can occur after a distressing or traumatic experience, such as exposure to war. It can result in persistent negative memories, nightmares, heightened nervousness, or avoidance of reminders associated with the event. Purpose of the Study Two innovative treatments for PTSD are being tested: 1. Virtual Reality Therapy: This approach uses specialized goggles to create a safe and realistic virtual environment where individuals can confront memories and process emotions with guidance from a therapist. 2. Brain Stimulation Therapy (tDCS): This method applies a gentle electrical current to the scalp to support improved emotional regulation by the brain. The study aims to determine whether combining these two treatments is more effective than using virtual reality therapy alone. Participant Involvement Participants will: * Attend 10 therapy sessions over several weeks. * Use virtual reality goggles to engage with safe scenarios related to their memories, guided by a therapist. * Potentially receive brain stimulation therapy during some virtual reality sessions. * Learn relaxation techniques to help manage stress and enhance emotional control. Potential Benefits for Participants * These treatments may reduce symptoms such as intrusive memories, anxiety, and depression. * Participants may experience increased calmness, resilience, and improved ability to manage daily life. This study also has the potential to advance PTSD treatment methods for others in the future.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn how Written Exposure Therapy (WET), a brief treatment for PTSD, works among individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) engaged in residential SUD treatment and how biology may influence treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does WET improve PTSD and substance use outcomes among individuals with SUD+PTSD? * Does WET improve physiological responses and craving to trauma cues? * Do sex hormones influence changes physiological responses and craving during treatment among women? Participants will: * Complete WET or a neutral writing in addition to their residential SUD treatment * Complete two laboratory sessions before and after treatment * Complete follow-up surveys and interviews at 1- and 3-months post-treatment

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a serious mental health condition that often co-occurs with Complex PTSD (CPTSD), making treatment more challenging. Trauma-Focused Mentalization-Based Treatment (MBT-TF) is a new adaptation of standard MBT designed for individuals with high trauma exposure. Early findings are promising, but further research is needed. This study at Geneva University Hospitals (HUG) will test the feasibility and acceptability of MBT-TF compared with standard MBT, gathering feedback from patients and clinicians and laying the groundwork for a larger clinical trial.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if the addition of frequency filtered music (Safe and Sound Protocol) to daily cognitive processing therapy improves effectiveness for reducing PTSD symptoms. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the addition of frequency filtered music reduce PTSD symptoms for patients receiving cognitive processing therapy for PTSD? * Does the addition of frequency filtered music to cognitive processing therapy improve stress physiology (arousal)? * Does improvement in physiological stress regulation help explain improvements in hyperarousal and PTSD symptoms? Researchers will compare the effects of a frequency filtered classical music playlist to an identical playlist without added filtering. Participants will be randomized to a music playlist. Participants will: * Receive 10 daily sessions of cognitive processing therapy * Listen to 15 minutes of music before their therapy sessions (2.5 hours music listening total). * Complete clinical interviews and questionnaires before, during, and up to 6 months after therapy. * Have their physiological arousal monitored during listening and therapy sessions * Wear a Fitbit device and complete smartphone surveys for 4 weeks

This study will examine the effects of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) group therapy on adults who experienced the April 2025 Silivri earthquake in Turkey. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an EMDR intervention group or a waitlist control group. Psychological symptoms will be measured using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Quantitative EEG (QEEG) recordings will also be collected before and after the intervention to assess changes in brain activity related to emotional regulation and trauma processing. The goal of the study is to evaluate whether EMDR produces both clinical and neurophysiological improvements in trauma-exposed individuals.

Population-based and clinical studies indicate that a substantial proportion of children and adolescents are exposed to one or more potentially traumatic events (PTEs) Approximately 16 % of those affected by childhood trauma go on to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with an even higher proportion experiencing subclinical levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). In Switzerland, over half of adolescents report exposure to at least one PTE, with 4.2 % meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD. PTSD frequently impacts young people's social and educational functioning, often impairing their ability to engage in everyday life activities that are important or meaningful to them. Although the psychological consequences of PTSD are well documented, there is limited empirical understanding of how PTSS specifically affects day-to-day functioning in young people. A key reason for this gap is the absence of a validated instrument specifically designed to assess PTSD-related functional impairment in children and adolescents. To address this need, the PTSD-iMPairment in Adolescent \& Children's Capacity for Thriving (PTSD-iMPACT) measure was developed. This tool aims to systematically assess the extent of PTSD-related functional impairment in children and adolescents across key life domains, such as family, friends, school, apprenticeship, hobbies or media use. The overall aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PTSD-iMPACT questionnaire in a clinical and in a non-clinical sample and to provide an internationally applicable standard instrument for the assessment of PTSD-related functional impairment in trauma-exposed children and adolescents. In the long term, the aim is to ensure that the care and support provided to children and adolescents who experience difficulties in their daily lives due to post-traumatic stress symptoms are sustainably monitored and improved.